cancer , health ,communicable diseases

Question 1

what is health?

Answer 1

Health is the state of physical and mental well-being.

Question 2

risk factor (increased rate of disease) give some examples

Answer 2

The effects of diet, smoking and exercise on cardiovascular
disease.
• Obesity as a risk factor for Type 2 diabetes.
• The effect of alcohol on the liver and brain function.
• The effect of smoking on lung disease and lung cancer.
• The effects of smoking and alcohol on unborn babies.
• Carcinogens, including ionising radiation, as risk factors in
cancer.

Question 3

what is cancer?

Answer 3

the result of changes in cells that lead to uncontrolled growth and division.
or
uncontrollable cell division in the body

Question 4

what is a benign tumour?

Answer 4

-growths of abnormal cells which are contained in one area, usually within a membrane. They do not invade other parts of the body.

Question 5

what is a malignant tumour?

Answer 5

Malignant tumour cells are cancers. They invade neighbouring
tissues and spread to different parts of the body in the blood where
they form secondary tumours.

Question 6

describe how tumours form

Answer 6

uncontrolled division of cells

Question 7

describe how some tumours may spread to other parts of the body

Answer 7

via the blood or lymphatic system

Question 8

causes of cancer

Answer 8

-genetic risk factors : breast and ovarian cancer
-mutations : changes to DNA can be caused by chemicals such as tar
-ionising radiation : cause tumours to form
-viral infections e.g hpv

Question 9

metastasis

Answer 9

the spread of cancer from the primary tumour to a secondary tumour