Cancer genetics Flashcards
1
Q
What is the two-hit hypothesis?
A
That to contribute towards cancer, tumour-suppressor genes require both alleles to be inactivated.
2
Q
What risk does a mutation in BRCA1 cause?
A
- 50-80% chance of breast cancer
- 20-50% chance of ovarian cancer
3
Q
What risk does a mutation in BRCA2 cause?
A
- 50-80% for breast cancer
- 10-20% for ovarian cancer
4
Q
What is the role of BRCA1 and BRCA2?
A
Tumour suppressor genes:
- DNA repair of double stranded breaks
5
Q
What id p53
A
Tumour suppressor gene - prevents entry to S phase of cell cycle
6
Q
Mutation in the p53 gene is associated with what?
A
Li-Fraumani Syndrome
- early onset breast cancer, sarcoma and lukeimia
