Cancer - Disease Progression and Genes Flashcards

1
Q

What is a Vogelgram?

A

The Vogelram is the multistep cancer progression model, based on the progressive accumulation of genetic alterations involving critical tumour suppressor genes and oncogenes in a series of steps, has provided the framework to understand the initiation, progression, and spread of cancer.

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2
Q

FAP

A

Familial adenomatous polyposis

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3
Q

HNPCC

A

Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer aka lynch syndrome.

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4
Q

What are the main genes involved in Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer?

A

DNA mismatch repair genes.

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5
Q

Explain the epithelial lining of the colon.

A

Sheets of columnar epithelial which form crypts and villi.

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6
Q

What are the four differentiated cell types in the colon?

A
  1. The colonocytes or absorptive epithelial cells
  2. The mucus-secreting goblet cells
  3. Peptide hormone-secreting entero-endocrine cells
  4. Paneth cells
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7
Q

A mutation in what gene is implicated in 60-80% of colorectal cancers?

A

APC

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8
Q

Which gene is seen mutated in 60% of melanomas?

A

B-RAF gene

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9
Q

APC gene

A

Adenomatous polyposis coli gene

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