Cancer - Disease Progression and Genes Flashcards
What is a Vogelgram?
The Vogelram is the multistep cancer progression model, based on the progressive accumulation of genetic alterations involving critical tumour suppressor genes and oncogenes in a series of steps, has provided the framework to understand the initiation, progression, and spread of cancer.
FAP
Familial adenomatous polyposis
HNPCC
Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer aka lynch syndrome.
What are the main genes involved in Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer?
DNA mismatch repair genes.
Explain the epithelial lining of the colon.
Sheets of columnar epithelial which form crypts and villi.
What are the four differentiated cell types in the colon?
- The colonocytes or absorptive epithelial cells
- The mucus-secreting goblet cells
- Peptide hormone-secreting entero-endocrine cells
- Paneth cells
A mutation in what gene is implicated in 60-80% of colorectal cancers?
APC
Which gene is seen mutated in 60% of melanomas?
B-RAF gene
APC gene
Adenomatous polyposis coli gene