Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

J Haem > Cancer > Flashcards

Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

polyclonal definition

A

normal haemopoiesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

monoclonal definition

A

malignant haemopoiesis

Monoclonal = Malignant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is lymphoma a cancer of

A

lymph notes/lymphatic tissues eg gut/tonsils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the 2 categories of lymphoma

A

hodgkins lymphoma

non hodgkins lymphoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what CD does rituximab work on

A

CD20+ (non hodgkins lymphoma)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

CD30+

A

hodgkins lymphoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

reed Sternberg cells

A

hodgkins lymphoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

which group of females get hodgkins lymphoma

A

young females

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

treatment of Hodgkins lymphoma

A

chemo (not rituximab bc not CD20+ which rituximab works on)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

CD30+

reed Sternberg cells

A

hodgkins lymphoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

types of non hodgkins lymphoma (4)

A

burkitts lymphoma
low grade B cell non hodgkins lymphoma
high grade B cell non hodkinslymphoma
T cell non hodgkins lymphoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

which translocation causes burkitts lymphoma

A

translocation 8;14

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

African kid with history of EBV

tumour in face jaw

A

burkitts lymphoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

which one of high/low grade non hodgkins lymphoma is curable

A

high grade non hodgkins lymphoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

which one of high/low grade non hodgkins lymphoma is slowly progressive

A

low grade non hodgkins lymphoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

which one of high/low grade non hodgkins lymphoma has fast progression and is aggressive

A

high grade non hodgkins lymphoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

which one of high/low grade non hodgkins lymphoma is not curable, just treatable

A

low grade non hodgkins lymphoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

prognosis of low grade non hodgkins lymphomoa

A

likely remission then relapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

treatment of all non hodgkins lymphoma

A

chemo - rituximab (works on CD20+)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

CD20+

A

non hodgkins lymphoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

presentation of lymphoma

A

night sweats
weight loss
lympahdenopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

alcohol induced pain

A

hodgkins lymphoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

night sweats
weight loss
lymphadenopathy

A

lymphoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

investigations for lymphoma (2)

A

FBC

lymph node excision biopsy - tale out whole thing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what test can you do after biopsy of lymph node | what are you looking for
immunohistochemistry - for CD30+/CD20+/reed Sternberg cells
26
complications of lymphoma
can spread to bone marrow
27
where is leukaemia the cancer of
blood/bone marrow
28
blast cells on film | acute or chronic leukaemia
acute leukemia
29
where is the malignancy in acute leukaemia
in the blast cells (immature blood cells) in the bone marrow
30
which type of leukaemia (acute or chronic) is aggressive
acute rapid progression of symptoms Acute = Aggressive
31
what does abnormal blast cells in acute leukaemia cause
failure of maturation of mature cells = stuck as blasts
32
which group of people get AML
>60yo
33
what is the problem in AML | what does this cause
problem in the myeloid progenitor cells = no mature cells in the myeloid lineage are made (RBCs/platelets/granulocytes/macrophages)
34
which cells are not produced in AML | which cells are produced in AML
RBCs/platelets/granulocytes/macrophages - not produced | blast cells produced
35
histology of AML
auer rod cells - bilobed large mononuclear cells
36
presentation of AML
anaemia, bleeding, infections
37
AML subtype with DIC/intracranial hemorrhage
acute promyelocytic leukaemia
38
auer rod cells
AML
39
management of AML and ALL
chemo
40
what type of infections are people with neutropaenia susceptible to
Gm-ve infections
41
prognosis of AML
remission and relapse likely think about granda, got better then got worse
42
most common childhood cancer
ALL
43
what is the problem in ALL | what does this cause
problem in the lymphoid progenitor cells = no mature cells in the lymphoid lineage are made (mature T cells/B cells/ NK cells/macrophages)
44
presentation of ALL
anaemia, bleeding, infections bone pain leukaemic effects - CNS and testes involvement (diff form AML)
45
who gets ALL
children
46
main difference between AML and ALL
AML - >60yo | ALL - children
47
prognosis of ALL | % survival
good in children (90% survival rates)
48
what do blast cells look like | what type of cancer do they occur in
large nucleus | occur in acute leukaemias
49
how do you tell the difference between AML and ALL (investigation)
immunophenotyping of bone marrow - see which lineage the cells came from, lymphoid or myeloid
50
Philadelphia chromosome
CML
51
BCR-ABL gene
CML
52
T9:22 gene translocation
CML
53
which type of leukaemia is a myeloproliferative disorder
CML
54
in chronic leukaemia what happens
problem in progenitor cells (myeloid or lymphoid) but cell maturation is still normal so mature cells are still produced, just are abnormal
55
asymptomatic/accidental diagnosis leukaemia
CML (bc slow)
56
lymphoblasts leukaemia
ALL
57
myeloblasts leukaemia
AML
58
in CML what does the BCR-ABL gene cause (a target for therapy)
tyrosine kinase = abnormal cell division
59
abnormal granulocytes leukaemia
CML bc granulocyts are myeloid lineage chronic bc they are produced, just abnormal (acute would be blasts)
60
which MSK condition is common in CML | why
gout - bc of increased cell turnover
61
CML treatment
tyrosine kinase inhibitors eg imatinib chemo bone marrow transplant if young
62
imatinib drug class
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
63
which type of leukaemia affects blood and lymph nodes (rest only blood) hence risk of lymphoma
CLL
64
laeukamia associated with warm autoimmune haemolytic anaemia
CLL
65
small mature B cells (small bc abnormal) leukaemia
CLL bc B cells are lymphoid lineage chronic bc they are produced, just abnormal (acute would be blasts)
66
CLL management
chemo | idealisib

J Haem (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions