Cancer Flashcards
Prostate cancer is the __________ most common and _________ most deadly form of cancer in men.
1st / 2nd
On autopsy, prostate CA is found in: ____% of men / ___% of men 60-69 / ___% of men 80-90
40% / 30% / 67%
Where does prostate cancer metastasize to?
Axial Skeleton (skull, spinal column, ribs, pelvis)
In terms of symptoms, most prostate CA is _________ / but S&S include __________ (3)
Asymptomatic / Urinary retention, LE edema, back pain
Diagnoses for Prostate Cancer:
Induration on DRE, ↑PSA level
Normal PSA level
4 ng/mL
If life expectancy is under ______ yrs, consider surveillance and over_________, consider Tx
10 / 10
What is removed during a radical prostatectomy? / pro & con?
Prostate, seminal vesicles, ampullae of vas deferens / curative but compromises continence and erectile function
What is the 2nd most common GU cancer? / does it occur more often in men or women? / 98% are _______
Bladder cancer / men / epithelial malignancies
Risks for bladder cancer?
Smoking and industrial dyes and solvents (also Schistosomiasis, bladder stones, prolonged catheter use)
At Dx for bladder CA, ___% of patients have metastases & after 2 years ____% of those who did not originally will
15% / 40%
S&S for bladder cancer (7)
Hematuria, urinary irritation, heptaomegaly, lymphadenopathy, abd masses, LE, asymptomatic
Where does bladder cancer metastasize to?
Lung, liver, bones, pelvic lymph nodes
Diagnosis for bladder cancer / if that is positive, what is always done?
Cystoscopy / transurethral resection
Radical Cystectomy in men / women?
Removal of bladder, prostate, seminal vesicles / Removal of bladder, uterus, cervix, urethra, ovaries
2 main types of testicular cancer? / which is the fast growing type?
Seminomas and Nonseminomas / Nonseminomas
Average age of men who get testicular cancer? / major risk factor / 2nd degree tumor is often due to?
20-35 / Cryptorchidism / Malignant lymphoma
Testicular cancer S&S / which side is effected most often
Painless nodule, heaviness, gynecomastia / Right
Where does testicular cancer metastasize to?
Lungs, liver, brain, retroperitoneum, lymph nodes
Tumor markers specific to testicular cancer?
↑ hCG, ↑ alpha-fetoprotein, ↑ lactate dehydrogenase
Treatment for ALL testicular cancer patients?
Orchiectomy
Wilms’ tumor is a _________ kidney tumor that happens to ________ / cure rate
unilateral / kids / 90%
