Cancer

Question 1

What is PARP

Answer 1

Poly-ADP-ribose polymerase
An enzyme that…
* Repairs DNA - Fixes single-strand breaks

Question 1

What are BRCA1 and BRCA2

Answer 1

Genes that are responsible for the homologous recombinant that repairs double strand breaks

Question 2

TRUE OR FALSE

BRCA genes are responsible for the synthesis of proteins that repair single strand breaks

Answer 2

FALSE
They are responsible for the production of homologous recombinant

Question 3

What are PARP inhibitors and what do they do ?

Answer 3

Olaparib
They inhibit PARP enzymes therefore inhibiting the repair of single strand breaks in the DNA. This leads to double strand breaks which are either repaired by homologous recombinant (which is controlled by BRCA genes) or the cell dies.
* In cancer the BRCA genes are mutated and therefore homologous recombinant is not produced -> CELLS DIES = NO PROLIFERATION

Question 4

What is responsible for the production of homologous recombinant

Answer 4

BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes

Question 5

What is Olaparib used for

Answer 5

It is a PARP inhibitor that is used for..
* Ovarian cancer
* Fellopian tube cancer
* Peritoned cancer
Bc these cancers tend to cause BRCA gene mutation

Question 6

What is the philadelphia chromosome and what does it do

Answer 6

A combination of the ABL gene(chromosome 9) and BCR gene (chromosome 22). This combination forms a tyrosine kinase that is always active that lkeads to huge cell proliferation.

Question 7

What inhibits the philadelphia chromosome

Answer 7

Nibs - Imatinib
BCR-ABL inhibitor

Question 8

What is Imatinib and what is it used for

Answer 8

It is a BCR-ABL kinase inhibitor.