Cancer Flashcards
What is cancer
disease in which abnormal cells divide without control and can invade near by tissues
tumor
an abnormal mass or growth of cells. It can be benign(non-cancerous) or malignant(cancerous)
Metastasis
The spread of cancer cells from the primary tumor to other parts of the body through bloodstream or lymphatic system
Transformation
Normal cell becomes cancerous cell
origin of sarcoma
connective tissue- bones, muscle, cartilage
origin of leukemia
Blood and bone marrow- abnormal production of WBC
Origin of Lymphoma
Lymphatic system- includes lymph nodes, spleen
Origin of Carcinoma
Epithelial cells, cells that line the body’s organs and tissues.
Origin of melanoma
Pigment producing cells- melanin
Origin of Glioma
Glial cells of the brain ad spinal cord
Origin of Adenoma
Non-cancerous, benign tumor of the epithelium in glands
Cancer hallmarks
- Sustain proliferative signaling
- Evading growth suppressors
- Activating invasion and metastasis
- Enabling replicative immortality
- Inducing angiogenesis
- Resisting cell death
Proto-oncogene
gene involved in stimulating normal cell growth
Oncogenes
Mutations in proto-oncogenes-> oncogenes. Cause uncontrolled cell growth
Tumor suppressor gene
gene that encodes for proteins that inhibit abnormal cell growth
