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Public Sector Management > Canadian Politics and government > Flashcards

Canadian Politics and government Flashcards

1
Q

What is a political issue?

A

involves a decision on part of society to act in a particular way.

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2
Q

What is politics?

A
  • is the practice of attempting to influence collective decisions.
  • cannot please everyone at the same time.
  • arises out of scarcity
  • rival claims are settled by public authorities.
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3
Q

What is a nation?

A

politically conscious and mobilized group of people. special relationship

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4
Q

What is a citizen?

A

a formal member of a nation/state.
- has specific rights

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5
Q

What is sovereign?

A
  • highest authority figure
    final authority rests on national gov.
    independence from Britain
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6
Q

What is Legitimacy?

A

Government’s powers to make binding decisions (raising taxes, legal system) authority

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7
Q

What are policies?

A

broad-based patterns of gov. actions (lower taxes)

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8
Q

What are institutions?

A

established orgs. that are public in nature (courts, police…)

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9
Q

Difference between politicians and bureaucrats?

A

Politicians: determine the direction government goes. make policies decisions
Bureaucrats: implement policy decisions. works for government

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10
Q

What is the government?

A
  • set of institutions that make and enforce collective, public decisions for a society.
  • authority to make decisions.
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11
Q

Difference between state and government?

A

Government: more focused on elected bodies (prime minister)
State: larger political community (courts, police, armed forces…)

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12
Q

Private Sector?

A

functions separately than government (best buy) profit businesses.
- hire people and sell things
- salesperson, factory worker… for profit

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13
Q

Public Sector?

A
  • government steps in to help us
  • police, universities, public schools, hospitals, service Canada
  • work for government
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14
Q

What is power?

A

ability of one actor to impose will on other
- government imposes taxes and have enforcement mechanism

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15
Q

What is authority?

A

have right to make decisions (police can arrest)

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16
Q

What is jurisdiction?

A

Ultimate authority to make decisions

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17
Q

What is legislative power?

A

use legislature to make laws

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18
Q

What is executive power?

A

enforce laws

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19
Q

What is judicial power?

A

power to interpret law (final say by judge)

20
Q

Public service values? (How government should work)

A
  • public interest ( goal of gov)
  • Political neutrality: not political. motivated by best decision
  • efficiency, cannot be override concern (greater good)
  • responsiveness: reactive to what is going on.
  • fair and equitable manner
  • integrity (honesty)
21
Q

What is Politics-Administration Dichotomy?

A

separate lengths.
- politicians come up with the big picture and bureaucracy makes the work
- politicians have so much more involvement today

22
Q

Anonymity vs. Ministerial Responsibility?

A

people who work in bureaucrats work anonymously

23
Q

What is a Regime?

A

form of government and underlying political principles that provide the basis for that form of government.
who rules and why group of rulers

24
Q

What is democracy?

A

ruled by the people

25
Q

What is direct democracy?

A

people have direct say in matters of state

26
Q

What is representative democracy?

A

people appoint representatives to speak for them in matters of state.

27
Q

What is parliamentary democracy?

A

variation of representative democracy

28
Q

What is liberal democracy?

A

small ideologically liberal. democratic values. needs of individuals with needs of society= balance.

29
Q

What is ideology?

A

worldview. ideas about politics
what we want/expect from government

30
Q

Left, Right, Centre Ideology spectrum?

A

Left: change, collectivist. more faith in government, participation. wants the government to be big to look out for people.
Right: individualistic, conservative. what happens to individuals is because of their efforts. government is too expensive and screws things up. government to be smaller.
Centre: goes for what is right (Liberals)

31
Q

What is liberalism ideology?

A
  • liberty
  • individualism
  • equality
  • reason
  • competition
32
Q

What is conservatism ideology?

A
  • order
    -community
    -hierarchy
  • tradition
  • cooperation
33
Q

Authoritarian vs Libertarian?

A

Authoritarian: more control less freedom
Libertarian: more freedom less control.

34
Q

What is divisions or cleavages?

A

deep, persistent division in society that has significant implications for political system
- Quebec vs rest of Canada, West vs East, Rural vs. Urban vs. Suburban, Indigenous vs non-Indigenous.

35
Q

What is Regionalism?

A
  • Mackenzie King: some countries have too much history, too much geography
  • increase the political power
  • through provinces
  • geographic approach
  • imagined communities
  • dependency theory
36
Q

What is Populism?

A
  • theory that extends notion of democracy beyond election
  • work from bottom up
  • major political decisions should be made by people
  • can be left or right wing (mostly right wing)
37
Q

What is Western alienation?

A

disconnection many Canadians in Wester provinces feel to the rest of Canada

38
Q

Urban Canada?

A

Canada is one of the most urbanized countries in the world.
75% of us live in cities.
Urban Canada–> liberal ideology.
- economy relies more on financial, health, education

39
Q

Rural Canada?

A
  • over-represented in parliament.
  • economy depends more on mining, forestry
40
Q

Canadian Political Culture?

A
  • sum total of political beliefs in a country
    attitudes, beliefs, and values that underpin system
  • safer countries, better police, fairer courts than other countries.
  • Democratic values
  • Popular sovereignty (vote for people to represent us)
  • political equality
  • political freedom
  • traditionally: conservative, collective
  • now: change, less confident in gov.
41
Q

balance between individualism and collectivism?

A
  • everyone should be free to do as they choose
  • society–> benefited as a whole by collective actions
42
Q

Formative events theory? Seymour Martin Lipset

A
  • US develops out of a revolution while Canada out of a counter-revolution
  • maintain ties with Great Britain and monarchy.
    class consciousness.
43
Q

Staples Theory? Harold Innis

A
  • develop as a country that exports natural resources
    raw material to products/
44
Q

Fragment Theory? Louis Hartz

A

Canada founded by European immigrants, representing European civilization.
- congealment which leads to tolerant. political community which allowed other ideas.

45
Q

Canada vs US?

A

Canada: less individualistic, community, freedom, equality, attitudes towards state.

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