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Animal science 313 > CAN > Flashcards

CAN Flashcards

1
Q

What is a companion animal

A

Species with a special relationship with animals

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2
Q

Oxytocin

A

Bonding “loving” hormone, impacts the pet food/ companion animals

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3
Q

Five freedoms: meeting mental and physical needs

A
  1. Hunger and thirst
  2. Discomfort
  3. Pain, injury, or disease
  4. Express normal behavior
  5. Fear and distress
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4
Q

Why research your animals

A

Need to allow them to express their natural behaviors

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5
Q

New stone age

A

Animlas/ man cohabitate - work together

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6
Q

Ancient contract

A

During domestication. period. Giving animal food and shelter in trade for loyalty and protection and unconditional love

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7
Q

Origin of domestic dog

A

From extinxt wolves

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8
Q

Not a carnivore

A

Diet adapted from fat to starch
Pancreas produces amylase not the saliva

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9
Q

Neotony

A

Jouvenile features

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10
Q

Less fear and stress

A

Smaller brains

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11
Q

Cat domestication

A

Cats domesticated themselves

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12
Q

Six nutrients

A

Water, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals

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13
Q

Balanced diet

A

All nutrients in right balance

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14
Q

Energy is

A

The singe most important item

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15
Q

Energyy from 3 nutreints:

A

Fat, carbohydrates, protein

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16
Q

Only nutritional treatment for increased lifespan and the reduction of disease

A

A reduce energy intake - less calories

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17
Q

14 year life span in dogs

A

Ad libitum - first incidence of disease and death
Restricted calorie - last one to die

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18
Q

BCS

A

Tool to monitor animal health
1 = emaciated
High # = obese

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19
Q

Obesity

A

Excess calories, will give them phyical issues, metabolic disorders, dont die of obesity die of heart attack, cant breath

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20
Q

Hypertrophy

A

Increase in cell size

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21
Q

Hyperplasia

A

Increase in cell number

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22
Q

If you let animal get fat at weaning

A

Their cells go through hyperplasia, body wants more room for their fat that animal will fight obesity for life

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23
Q

What happens if you put a cat on a diet?

A

Cat will go into hepatic lipidosis, where the body breaks down that fat into ketones. Cat needs to go on diet ver y slower

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24
Q

Metabolism vs. water

A

Small animals can live longer without water but dogs will die first

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25
Q

Water

A

The most important nutrient

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26
Q

Water quality

A

If animal not eating/ doing well, check their water, lack of water will cause death

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27
Q

Cooling process for cats and dogs

A

Cats concentrate urine more than dogs
Both sweat thru their paws
Both pant
Cats lick bodies to cool themselves

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28
Q

Who does better with lack of water

A

Cat because of concentrated urine

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29
Q

Who does better with lack of food

A

Dog because cats will go into hepatic lipidosis

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30
Q

Animal protein

A

Acidic urine

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31
Q

Plant protein

A

Alkaline urine

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32
Q

Cats are obligated carnivores

A

With plant protein gets them in an insufficient ph and get FIC and cat develops stones

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33
Q

Starch

A

Broken down through salivary amylase, digestion through enzymes

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34
Q

Cellulose

A

Need microbes, fermentation through microbes

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35
Q

Zinc responsive dermatitis

A

Animal protein has zinc plant protein does not

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36
Q

Guinea pigs cant synthesize what vitamin?

A

Vitamin C

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37
Q

Two forms of vitamin D

A

D2 = plant form
D3 = animal form

38
Q

Vitamin D function:

A

Absorb and deposit calcium

39
Q

Vitmains

A

Limit shelf life of food

40
Q

Unsaturated fats

A

Breaks down and goes rancid
Double bonds, liquid at room temp

41
Q

Saturated fat

A

Animal protein, solid at room temp

42
Q

Computer formulation

A

Least cost ration balancing

43
Q

Anthropormorphism

A

Human traits to animals

44
Q

By products

A

Have become demonized, agriculture by-products are a bug feed source for pets

45
Q

Beef dog food

A

70 % protein

46
Q

Beef dinner feast, entree, supper, stew

47
Q

Dog food with beef

48
Q

Beef flavored

A

Just enough so dog can taste it

49
Q

First look at the list of ingredients

A

Is on as fed basis

50
Q

AAFCO Sanctioned

A

That is nutritionally balanced

51
Q

All proteins are not created equal

A

Egg and milk have all essential

52
Q

Animal vs. plant sources

A

Egg - chicken - poultry meal - meat meal - meat & bone meal - poultry byproducts - soybean/ corn gluten meal

53
Q

2 or 3 plant proteins

A

Then it meets requirments, 1 animal protein will do the same.

54
Q

Calcium in pet food

A

Most are deficient because limestone tastes bad

55
Q

New protein sources

A

Crickets, meal worms, black soldier fly larvae meal for adult dogs

56
Q

Dilative cardiomyopathy

A

Taurine Deficiency - many dogs have developed this due grain free (legume deficiency) so supplement taurine

57
Q

What nutrient does grain provide to a diet

A

Starch, carbohydrates

58
Q

Raw diets

A

Biosecurity risk, alot of animals are compromised, avma concern about HACCP, handling foods. All poultry has salmonella

59
Q

BARF

A

Bones and Raw Food or BIologically appropriate raw food

60
Q

Pros of raw diet

A

Shinier coat, healthier skin, more digestible, higher energy levels

61
Q

Cons of raw diets

A

Not often balanced, food borne pathogens, dangerous to young, geriatric humans/ animals, whole bone choking, very expensive

62
Q

Skin microbiome and fresh diet

A

Microbiome diversity was higher after dogs were fed fresh diet compared to after kibble.

63
Q

Greater microbiome diversity

A

Better immune, better health, enviroment plays a role

64
Q

Grains to obligate carnivores

A

Alkaline urine, so add acidifiers to prevent FIC

65
Q

Corn gluten meal acidifier

66
Q

Homemade diets / fresh pets

A

Many are defeicient, many get recalled, add kibble/ nutrient supplement

67
Q

How to select pet food

A

In first two ingredients. Make sure it is a meat meal. And mic products is best approach to avoid GI problems

68
Q

Digest - flavor enhancing

A

Animal digest refers to a animal protein that has been digested using enzymes, spray it on kibble to make it taste like meat. May be eating corn but it tastes like meat.

69
Q

Supplements

A

So not need if feeding a balanced kibble

70
Q

Cats need protein for:

A

Energy and gluconeogensis, if they dont get those amino acids they will metabolize their own tissues

71
Q

Kittens should not get acidifiers why?

A

Doesnt close cavities,

72
Q

Little friskies - corn

A

Obese, diabeties, metabolic disorder increase, cats need animal protein

73
Q

Cat list unique nutrient

A

Needs vitamin A and D because they cannot convert it
Arachidonic acid
B vitamins
TAURINE plus PVT TIM HALL - why urine smells so bad (sulfur in taurine)

74
Q

Algae

A

Plant based diet for cat

75
Q

Gold fish

A

Have thiaminase

76
Q

Invertbrates and calcium

A

Do not have enough calcium, so have an inverse Ca:P

77
Q

reptiles and enviroment

A

Reptiles are able to metabolize due to their enviroment.

78
Q

Adult frogs

A

Carnivores

79
Q

Juvenile frogs

A

Herbivores

80
Q

Dogs are:

A

Omnivores, faculatative carnivores

81
Q

Parrot

A

Digestive omnivore like chickens

82
Q

Coprophagy

A

Eating cectrophes or night feces to help them digest and absorb cellulose, vit k, vit b

83
Q

Rabbit elizabeth collar

A

Will die because they cannot practice coprophagy

84
Q

Rabbits with calcium and vit D

A

Animals can absorb calcium without vit d. They cannot absorb it all so they get stones

85
Q

At maitnenance rabbits are fed

A

Grass-based pellets

86
Q

Teeth car

A

Need something to chew on to shorten teeth

87
Q

Clean produce

A

Alleviate bacteria, herbicides, insecticides

88
Q

Birds and reptiles

A

Require vit d and excrete uric acid. Need to have vit d3 they cannot use d2 (plant form ) q

89
Q

Blocking B ultraviolet light

A

Blocks vitamin d3

90
Q

Seeds and nuts have fat and produce the hormone:

A

Galanin- which makes fat addictive, natural endorphin

Animal science 313 (1 decks)

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