CAMs Flashcards
Garlic
Why do people take it, what are adverse drug effects (AE) and potential drug interactions (PDI)?
use: lower cholesterol, thins blood (studies show doesn’t lower BP, BG or risk of cancers)
AE: GI SE, allergic reactions
- increases bleeding from gums
- ulcers or surgery–> increase bleeding with bleeding disorders
PDI: warfarin, ASA, NSAIDS, antiplatelet meds
-decreases saquinavir effectiveness (HIV med)
Ginseng
Why do people take it, what are adverse drug effects (AE) and potential drug interactions (PDI)?
Uses: increases health recovering from illness and stamina and sense of well being, treats ED and menopause sx
AE:HA, GI, insomina, palpitations, menstrual irregularities, BLEEDING
ginseng abuse syndrome (diarrhea, htn, nervousness, rash, insomnia)
PDI: CI prego and lactation
-interacts with: anticoagulant meds, ASA, NSAIDS, antiplatelet agents, drugs with hypoglycemic activity, hormonal agents, CNS stimulants
Black Cohosh
Why do people take it, what are adverse drug effects (AE) and potential drug interactions (PDI)?
Important: has salicylic acid and estrogenic binding effects
Uses:arthritis, PMS, menopause sx
AE: N/V, HTN, HA, weight gain
–CONTRAINDICATED w/h.o estrogen dependent tumors or endometrial ca
PDI:CI prego and lactation
-MAY cause BLEEDING or GI distress if taken with other salycylates (ASA)
Fish oil/omega 3
Why do people take it, what are adverse drug effects (AE) and potential drug interactions (PDI)?
Uses: lower TG, may prevent dementia, essential for early brain development
AE: GI effects = nausea -fishy taste
PDI: NONE
Niacin
Why do people take it, what are adverse drug effects (AE) and potential drug interactions (PDI)?
Uses: synthesis & metabolism of carbs, FA, and proteins -lower LDL
AE: flushing, N/V, pruritis, constipation, hives, gout (increase uric acid), liver toxicity
PDI: CI preggos = birth defects
–interacts with STATINS–> don’t take with red yeast rice
–interacts with ETOH, because metabolized in liver!
St. John’s Wort
Why do people take it, what are adverse drug effects (AE) and potential drug interactions (PDI)?
Uses: mild to moderate depression (acts like SSRI = TCAs)
AE: GI sx, sedation, confusion, photosensitivity, dry mouth, urinary frequency, edema, anorgasmia
PDI: anti-depressants
- REDUCES effectivness of OCP
- meds metabolized by CYP3A4 (digoxin, simavastatin, verapamil, methadone, warfarin)
- CI prego or lactation
What are populations that should avoid herbal supplements?
- pregnant women
- infants and children
- elderly
- surgical patients (certain herbs can alter coagulation)
Red Yeast Rice
Why do people take it, what are adverse drug effects (AE) and potential drug interactions (PDI)?
Uses: promote blood circulation, act like statins, lower LDL
AE: HA, dizziness, gas, heartburn, stomachache, bloating, muscle aches (potential rhabdomyolysis like STATINS), thin blood
PDI: CI in pregos and lactating
-toxic to liver–> like STATINS
Echinacea
Why do people take it, what are the adverse effects(AE) and potential drug interactions (PDI)?
uses: to treat/prevent URI
AE: dyspepsia, diarrhea, bad taste, rashes in children
PDI: may interfere with immunosuppressant therapy doxorubicin = taken with echinacea increases proliferation of cervical and breast cancer!!! DONT take longer than 8 weeks
Ginko Biloba
Why do people take it, what are adverse drug effects (AE) and potential drug interactions (PDI)?
Uses:depression, vertigo, PVD and macular degeneration, improves cognitive function with alzheimers and vascular dementia
AE:GI upset, HA, increased bleeding and bruising
PDI:Increased risk of bleeding!!
do not use with: heparin, NSAIDS, warfarin or herbs (garlic, ginseng, ginger)
Hawthorne Berry
Why do people take it, what are adverse drug effects (AE) and potential drug interactions (PDI)?
Uses: treat CHF
AE: nausea, sedation, arrhythmias, hypotension
PDI: anti-hypertensives, beta blockers and calcium channel blockers
-any med that causes drowziness (benzodiazepines, antiphsycotics and antihistamines) -digoxin -narcotics
Saw Palmetto Why do people take it, what are adverse drug effects (AE) and potential drug interactions (PDI)?
Uses: men think it works for prostate CA AE: HA, nausea, dizziness, HTN and ED PDI: prego and lactation -can interfere with OCP -RISK of bleeding with anti platelet drugs or anticoagulants
