Cami Unit 7 SS

Question 1

What is SECTIONAL POLARIZATION

Answer 1

Division into 2 opposing sides based on regional lines (North & South) with extremely different ideas (mostly slavery but also economics, strength or federal government, etc.)

Question 2

What did the MISSOURI COMPROMISE decide about slavery in there territories? How did this affect the relationship between N&S?

Answer 2

• Created an imaginary line at 36’30’ (southern border of Missouri) where any territory above this line would be a free state, and any territory below this line would be a slave state.
• Left more land open to be free and angered the South
• Created sectional polarization between N&S (the two regions of the country having increasingly opposite views, mostly on slavery)

Question 3

What were the FOUR PARTS of the COMPROMISE OF 1850?

Answer 3

1. Admits California to the Union as a free state
2. New Mexico & Utah (Mexican Cession) territories will decide if they will have slavery by popular sovereignty (voting).
3. Outlawed the slave trade in our capitol (Washington, DC)
4. Created a stronger Fugitive Slave Law (slaves who ran away to the North could be sent back o their owner down South, you had to report them and help slave hunters or you would be arrested.)

Question 4

What effect will the COMPROMISE OF 1850 have on the relationship between the N&S?

Answer 4

Makes the relationship have increased tension (sectional polarization)

Question 5

What is UNCLE TOM’S CABIN?

Answer 5

A book by Harriet Beecher Stowe that talks about a good slave who has a harsh life.

Question 6

What effect does UNCLE TOM’S CABIN have?

Answer 6

This book will help the abolitionist movement in the North and anger the South. This is a prime example of sectional polarization.

Question 7

DRED SCOTT vs. SANFORD: Who is Dred Scott?

Answer 7

D.S. was a slave who went to a free territory and therefore claimed he was free.

Question 8

Why was DRED SCOTT suing SANFORD?

Answer 8

To get his freedom and his family’s freedom.

Question 9

What two things did the Supreme Court decide in the DRED SCOTT VS. SANFORD?

Answer 9

African Americans are not citizens under the constitution (and therefore cannot bring their case to the Supreme Court) and the Missouri Compromise is unconstitutional (because it can take away someone’s property (slaves) without due process)

Question 10

Who is JOHN BROWN?

Answer 10

An abolitionist who was angered by the Dred Scott Decision.

Question 11

What was the purpose of JOHN BROWN’S raid on HARPERS FERRY?

Answer 11

He raids the arsenal at Harper’s Ferry in order to get arms and ammunition to give to slaves for them to lead a rebellion against their owners.

Question 12

What is an ABOLITIONIST?

Answer 12

Someone who wants to get rid of slavery

Question 13

How many people were on the ballot for the ELECTION OF 1860?

Answer 13

4 (Southern democrat, Northern democrat, Republican, and constitutional union party)

Question 14

What happened to the Democrat Party in the Election of 1860?

Answer 14

Democrat vote was split by the faction in the party (N & S)

Question 15

Who won the ELECTION OF 1860?

Answer 15

Abraham Lincoln a one term Republican congressman.

Question 16

What did the ELECTION OF 1860 show?

Answer 16

That the sectional differences our country was facing leading up to the Civil War.

Question 17

What was Lincoln’s purpose of his 1ST INAUGURAL ADDRESS?

Answer 17

1. Keep the Union together
2. Did not want to get rid of slavery where it already existed, but did not want to extend slavery any further into territories.

Question 18

What was the purpose of Lincoln’s GETTYSBURG ADDRESS?

Answer 18

1. To commemorate this who dies at the battle of Gerrysburg.

2. Told the nation that they must keep fighting in the Civil War to preserve the US and its democratic system.

Question 19

What was the significance about the BATTLE OF ANTIETAM?

Answer 19

Bloodiest single day of the Civil War.

Question 20

Why did Lincoln wait till after the Battle of Anteitam to deliver the EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION?

Answer 20

He waited until the Union had a victory so the Emancipation Proclamation wouldn’t seem like a desperate way to influence the war, but really a show of the strength of the US

Question 21

What is the EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION?

Answer 21

Decree given by Abraham Lincoln which freed all slaves living in the US which were in rebellion (a later 2nd EM.PR. would free slaves in the union states)

Question 22

How does the EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION expand the goals of the Civil War.

Answer 22

Lincoln’s goal was to first preserve the Union, but then changed to ending slavery

Question 23

When the Union beat the South at the BATTLE OF VICKSBURG, it was an important turning point in the war. Why?

Answer 23

Winning the battle gave the Union control of the Mississippi River. This cut the South in half and accomplished phase two of their ANACONDA PLAN.

Question 24

What is TOTAL WAR?

Answer 24

The Union war strategy to wage war on the enemy’s will to fight and its ability to support an army, for example burning houses, eating food supplies.
Big examples are SHERIDAN VALLEY and SHERMAN’S MARCH to the Sea after the burning of Atlanta.

Question 25

How did the military leader of the union and the military leader of the confederacy compare?

Answer 25

Union had General ULYSSES S. GRANT who was young, inexperienced, and confident, used common sense.
Confederacy had General ROBERT E. LEE, 54 at the time of war, came from a military family and was brilliant tactician (planner) even though he was outnumbered in almost every battle he led his men into.

Question 26

What happened at APPOMATTOX COURTHOUSE?

Answer 26

The South (General Lee) surrendered to the North, thus ending the Civil War.

Question 27

At the APPOMATTOX COURTHOUSE what gesture did General Grant extend to General Lee and his groups?

Answer 27

Grant let the officers take guns, let them take mules/horses to work their farms, and ordered food to be sent to their troops to welcome back their countrymen.

Question 28

Who assassinated ABRAHAM LINCOLN?

Answer 28

JOHN WILKES BOOTH, a famous actor

Question 29

What major effects would Lincoln’s death have on the nation?

Answer 29

Negative effect on the reconstruction because his successor(his replacement) could not control the Radical Republicans in Congress.