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Camera terms > Camera Terms > Flashcards

Camera Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Arc

A

A combination of trucking, dollying and panning in which the camera rig is moved in an arc around the subject while the camera remains pointed at the subject

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2
Q

Aspect Ratio

A

The relationship of screen height to screen width.

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3
Q

. Back

Focus

A

This is the distance between the rear element of a lens and the film plane (or CCD). This is a focus adjustment done whenever lenses are changed on a camera.

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4
Q

Camera Angle

A

Ways to describe angles of pointing the camera:

POINT OF VIEW: (POV) A camera angle that suggests what one subject would be seeing.

DUTCH: The camera is placed at an unusual angle. The aim is often to express the subjective state of a character or to produce a bizarre or disturbing effect.

EYE LEVEL: The camera is located at normal eye-level in relation to the subject. This is often an view point used mainly as a frame of reference for other angles.

HIGH: The camera is located above the subject and shoots down at it. This has the effect of diminishing the height of the subject, reducing its importance. Viewers have the impression that they are towering over the subject.

LOW: The camera is positioned below the subject. This is an angle that makes the subject seem larger and therefore heightens the importance of the subject being shot.

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5
Q

Camera

Movement

A

Ways to describe camera movement:

PAN: Horizontal movement of the camera (left/right).

TILT: Vertical movement of the camera (up/down).

DOLLY: Moving the entire camera rig closer or farther from the subject (to/from).

TRUCK: Moving the entire camera rig laterally (left/right.)

ARC: A combination of trucking, dollying and panning in which the camera rig is moved in an arc around the subject while the camera remains pointed at the subject.

PEDESTAL: Moving the camera head up or down using the pedestal mounts.

ZOOM IN: Going from a wide-angle view of the subject to a closer (telephoto) view.

ZOOM OUT: Going from a telephoto view of the subject to a wide-angle view.

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6
Q

Camera Return

A

video signal sent by the control room back to a camera. Usually the “on-air” picture. This is usually used by the camera operator to do fine adjustments to their shot for keyed graphics.

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7
Q

CCD

A

Charged-Coupled Device. Light passes through the lens of a camera and is focused on these light-sensitive computer chips, which is divided into a very fine grid of spots or sites called pixels (picture elements.) Each pixel acts like a tiny light meter and records these changes in light onto the tape. Lower-end cameras will have one CCD, higher-grade cameras will have three (one for each, red, blue and green.)

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8
Q

. Chroma

A

An adjustment on some cameras that allows the operator to change the way the camera “sees” color. This is often also done with a lens filter.

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9
Q

Continuity

A

The overall trueness of scene to scene progression.

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10
Q

Contrast Ratio

A

The difference between the very light and very dark parts of the picture.

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11
Q

Deep

A

A focus in which all objects, from close foreground to distant background, are seen in sharp focus. (An example would Focus be a shot in a large field).

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12
Q

Depth Of Field

A

distance between the nearest point at which objects are in focus and the farthest point at which objects are in focus. Contributing factors are light conditions and zoom ratio.

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13
Q

Dolly

A

A camera movement that has the entire camera rig moving closer or farther from the subject (to/from)

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14
Q

Electronic
Field
Production

A

Video other than news that is shot with one or more camera(s) in the field and edited back in the studio. Often used to denote multi-camera programs produced out of studio.

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15
Q

Filter

Wheel

A 
A rotating wheel with a variety of built-in filters that help the camera adapt to varied lighting conditions. (NOTE: After changing the filter wheel settings, the camera will need to be white-balanced). Sony Filter Wheel Settings: 
Indoors 
Outdoors—ND 1/8 (Semi Dark) 
Outdoors - No ND 
Outdoors -ND 1/64 (Darkest ND)
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16
Q

Focal Length

A

Distance from the center point of the lens to the subject being shot.

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17
Q

F-Stop

A

Speed of the Lens. Technically a ratio between the focal length of the lens and its diameter that indicates the size of the lens aperture. The smaller the number, the more light is allowed to pass through the camera. The standard series of fstop numbers is:
1, 1.4, 2, 2.8, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22, 32
Each time you open or close a “stop” you are letting in or reducing 2x the amount of light.

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18
Q

gain.

A

Adjusts the level of the signal coming from the camera.

19
Q

HDTV
Aspect
Ration

A

16x9

20
Q

headroom

A

Space between the top of a subject’s head and the upper edge of the camera frame.

21
Q

Iris

A

Adjustable mechanism that controls the size of the lens aperture (marked with the f-stop numbers).

22
Q

pan

A

A camera movement that has horizontal movement of the camera (left/right).

23
Q

PEDESTAL

A

Moving the camera head up or down using the pedestal mounts.

24
Q

Pulling Focus

A

Rack Focus. When a camera operator refocuses the lens on a second subject, pulling the initial subject out of focus.

25
Q

Raw

Footage

A

All unedited camera footage which is shot for a specific project.

26
Q

Robotic
Camera
System

A

control system that allows one operator to control many cameras. The cameras are mounted on pneumatic tripods that are remotely controlled. Most camera shots (i.e. OTS, 2S, etc.) are stored in the system’s memory for quick recall.

27
Q

Rule Of
180
Degrees

A

If a subject is moving in one direction, in general it is best not to let screen direction change when cutting to the next shot. For example, when watching a football game on television, the blue team is seen moving from screen left to screen right. If the camera were now to shift to the opposite side of the field, the blue team would appear to be moving in the opposite direction. It is likely that the audience would be extremely confused by this.

28
Q

rule Of Thirds

A

in most aesthetically-balanced shots, the important details usually appear on the imaginary lines that trisect the frame.

29
Q

shot sheet

A

A form on which a description of each shot is written with a reference to its location on the tape.

30
Q

Single Camera Video

A

A method of production in which one camera is used to take all the shots, and then the order of the program is rearranged in the editing room.

31
Q

slate

A

An oral or visual indicator as to what is on the tape. Can also be used as a visual and audio sync aid.

32
Q

. Sound Bite

A

A segment of video that includes a shot of a person talking along with that person’s voice (can be live or on tape).

33
Q

sound on tape

A

A video tape played back with picture and sound. This can be someone talking or background sounds.

34
Q

Standard TV

Aspect Ratio

A

4x3

35
Q

tally light

A

Red indicator lights on a camera that indicate when the camera is either recording or is “hot” on-the-air.

36
Q

Theatrical
Release
Aspect Ratio

A

1.85x1

37
Q

tilt

A

A camera movement that has vertical movement of the camera (up/down).

38
Q

truck

A

Moving the entire camera rig laterally (left/right)

39
Q

Viewfinder

A

monitor connected to a camera that allows the camera operator to see what the camera is televising. (NOTE: The viewfinder is not necessarily an exact representation of the camera’s shot).

40
Q

White Balance

A

A control setting that allows you to “tell” the camera what mixtures of light it should perceive as white under the prevailing color conditions so that the camera can see the other colors of the spectrum correctly. To white balance a camera:
Zoom all the way in and focus on a solid white object (this can be a piece of paper, a base, etc.)

Push and hold, then release the WB switch until the display reads “OK.” (NOTE: Before beginning any shoot, makesure that the camera is in the correct filter setting and that it has been white balanced).

41
Q

. Zebra

A

A superimposed striped pattern displayed on the viewfinder that appears whenever an image exceeds a preset level. This gives the camera operator warning that the incoming video level is too hot and will be distorted.

42
Q

ZOOM IN

A

Going from a wide-angle view of the subject to a closer (telephoto) view.

43
Q

ZOOM OUT

A

going from a telephoto view of the subject to a wide-angle view.

44
Q

Electronic
News
Gathering

A

News shot with a single camera and edited back at the studio. Sometimes used to refer to live on-the-scene coverage.

Camera terms (1 decks)

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