CAM202 Regional Overview Flashcards
Small Intestines Mucosa Defining Features
Simple columnar epithelium with microvilli
Villi & Plicae Circulares
Crypts of Leiberkhun (Intestinal Glands)
Goblet Cells, Paneth Cells, Enteroendocrine Cells & Stem cells in crypts of lieberkhun
Small Intestines Submucosa
Brunners glands in duodenum
Peyers Patches in Ileum
Large Intestines Mucosa Defining Features
No villi or Plicae Circulares
More Goblet Cells
Crypts of Lieberkhun are longer and straighter than in SI (from muscularis mucosa to surface)
Large Intestines Muscle Layer Defining FEatures
Outer Longitudinal layer arranged into 3 bands: teniae coli
Rectum Mucosa
Simple Columnar with goblet cells
Anus Mucosa
Stratisfied Squamoue Keratinized
SI mechanisms to increase surface area
Plicae Circulares - macroscopic mucosal & submucosal folds
Villi - folds of mucosa with lamina propria core
Crypts of Lieberkhun - simple coiled tubular glands
Microvilli - projections from cell membrane, core of cytoplasm
Glycocalyx layer - glycoproteins and intramembranous enzymes
Stomach Mucosa Defining Features
Simple columnar epithelium No goblet Cells "Mucous secreting surface cells" Mucosa arranged into gastric pits No submucosal glands
Cardiac Region Defining Features
Scattered gastric pits with significant amounts lamina propria between pits & glands
Cardiac glands = simple, branched, slightly coiled glands
Mucous secreting surface cells, mucous neck cells and enteroendocrine cells
Oesophagus Histological Defining Features
Stratisfied Squamous Epithelium
Lamina Propria
Well Developed Muscularis Mucosa
Submucosal Mucous Glands
Skeletal muscle in upper 1/3
Mixed skeletal and smooth in middle 1/3
Smooth muscle in lower 1/3
Pyloric Region Defining Features
Deepest gastric pits
Numerous mucous secreting coiled tubular glands
Still significant amount of lamina propria between glands
Mucous secreting surface cells, mucous neck cells and enteroendocrine cells
Thickening of the tunica muscularis
Pyloric sphincter formed by thickening of the muscularis mucosa
Body / Fundic Regions Defining Features
Shallowest Gastric Pits
Extremely numerous Gastric Glands
Hard to find lamina propria between glands
Glands show ‘banding’
Mucous secreting surface epithelial cells
Glands: Parietal cells, mucous neck cells, chief cells, enteroendocrine cells
General layers of the GIT
Mucosa: Epithelium, lamina propria and muscularis mucosa
Submucosa
Tunica Muscularis: Inner circular, outer longitudinal
Tunica Serosa / adventitia
Surface epithelium of Seminiferous tubules
Wall = Peritubular myoid cells
Within tubule = sertoli cells and spermatogenic cells
Surface Epithelium of Straight tubules (testes)
Simple cuboidal epithelium with sertoli cells
