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CAM201: Haematology > CAM201: Haepatopoiesis > Flashcards

CAM201: Haepatopoiesis Flashcards

1
Q

Which blood cell constitutes the largest numbers of cells in the blood?

A

RBCs

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2
Q

Platelets: derived from? Function?

A

Derived from Megakaryocytes in bone marrow - formed from small bits of megakaryocyte cytoplasm (thus no nucleus)

Function in blood clotting

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3
Q

What are granulocytes?

A

Granular leukocytes:

Neutrophils
Basophils
Eosinophils

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4
Q

Agranulocytes?

A

Agranular leukocytes:

Lymphocytes (T & B cells)
Monocytes (macrophages)

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5
Q

What is haematopoiesis?

A

Process by which cellular elements of the blood are formed and replaced during life and an individual

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6
Q

What are the two interacting components involved in haematopoiesis?

A

Stem Cells

Haematopoietic Environment (NICHE)

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7
Q

Where does haematopoiesis occur during development?

A

Yolk sac, aorta gonado mesonephros,
Liver
Spleen

Bone marrow by 7th month

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8
Q

Where does haematopoiesis occur in adults?

A

Proximal ends of long bones

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9
Q

What is extramedullary haematopoiesis

A

disease state where haematopoiesis occurs outside of bone marrow NICHES

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10
Q

Stages in Erythropoiesis

Clinically relevant cells?

A

Stem cell = hemocytoblast

To committed cell = Proerythroblast

Early and late development occurs

Normoblast = nucleated RBC (very immature)
Reticulocyte = Immature RBC
Erythrocyte = normal development
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11
Q

What nutrients does a mature RBC need?

A

B12, Folic Acid, Iron

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12
Q

What is released with RBC destruction?

A

Bilirubin

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13
Q

General Stages in granulopoiesis:

A

Stem Cell = Hemocytoblast

to Common Myeloid Progenitor (same for all leukocytes)

to Myeloblast (same for all granulocytes and monocytes)

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14
Q

Basophil haematopoiesis:

A

Hemocytoblast

Common Myeloid Progenitor

Myeloblast

B. Promyelocyte - then a few stages of development

B.Band (immature form)

Basophil

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15
Q

Neutrophil haematopoiesis:

A

Hemocytoblast

Common Myeloid Progenitor

Myeloblast

N. Promyelocyte - then a few stages of development

N. Band (immature form)

Neutrophil

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16
Q

Eosinophil haematopoiesis:

A

Hemocytoblast

Common Myeloid Progenitor

Myeloblast

E. Promyelocyte - few stages of development

E. Band (immature form)

Eosinophil

17
Q

Monocyte Haematopoiesis:

A

Hemocytoblast

Common Myeloid Prohenitor

Myeloblast

Monoblast

Promonocyte

Monocyte

Then differentiation into macrophage or myeloid dendritic cell

18
Q

General Lymphocyte development

A

Hemocytoblast

Common Lymphoid Progenitor

19
Q

B or T cell haematopoiesis:

A

Hemocytoblast

Common Lymphoid Progenitor

Lymphoblast

Prolymphocyte

Small Lymphocyte (4)

Then differentiates into B or T cell

20
Q

Natural Killer cell haematopoiesis:

A

Hemocytoblast

Common Lymphoid Progenitor

Lymphoblast

Prolymphocyte

Natural killer cell (large granular lymphocyte)

21
Q

Haematopoiesis of lymphoid dentritic cell

A

Hemocytoblast

Common lymphoid progenitor

Lymphoid dendritic cell

22
Q

Platelet haematopoiesis:

A

Hemocytoblast

Common myeloid progenitor

Magakaryoblast, Promegakaryocyte

Megakaryocyte

Platelets formed from Megacaryocyte cytoplasm

23
Q

What kind of immune reaction are neutrophils most commonly associated with?

A

Inflammation

Bacterial

24
Q

What kind of immune reaction are eosinophils most commonly associated with?

A

Allergy

Parasitic Infection

25
Q

What kind of immune reaction are basophils most commonly associated with?

A

Hypersensitivity reaction

26
Q

How do we assess the bone marrow?

A

Via tephine biopsy or bone marrow aspirate

27
Q

What does Tephine Biopsy show?

A

Archiecture**

Cellularity, infiltrates, immunohistology

28
Q

What does Bone marrow aspirate show?

A

Gives smears for looking at
cellularity, morphology, iron stores

Samples for additional tests

CAM201: Haematology (2 decks)

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