CAM201: Haepatopoiesis Flashcards
Which blood cell constitutes the largest numbers of cells in the blood?
RBCs
Platelets: derived from? Function?
Derived from Megakaryocytes in bone marrow - formed from small bits of megakaryocyte cytoplasm (thus no nucleus)
Function in blood clotting
What are granulocytes?
Granular leukocytes:
Neutrophils
Basophils
Eosinophils
Agranulocytes?
Agranular leukocytes:
Lymphocytes (T & B cells)
Monocytes (macrophages)
What is haematopoiesis?
Process by which cellular elements of the blood are formed and replaced during life and an individual
What are the two interacting components involved in haematopoiesis?
Stem Cells
Haematopoietic Environment (NICHE)
Where does haematopoiesis occur during development?
Yolk sac, aorta gonado mesonephros,
Liver
Spleen
Bone marrow by 7th month
Where does haematopoiesis occur in adults?
Proximal ends of long bones
What is extramedullary haematopoiesis
disease state where haematopoiesis occurs outside of bone marrow NICHES
Stages in Erythropoiesis
Clinically relevant cells?
Stem cell = hemocytoblast
To committed cell = Proerythroblast
Early and late development occurs
Normoblast = nucleated RBC (very immature) Reticulocyte = Immature RBC Erythrocyte = normal development
What nutrients does a mature RBC need?
B12, Folic Acid, Iron
What is released with RBC destruction?
Bilirubin
General Stages in granulopoiesis:
Stem Cell = Hemocytoblast
to Common Myeloid Progenitor (same for all leukocytes)
to Myeloblast (same for all granulocytes and monocytes)
Basophil haematopoiesis:
Hemocytoblast
Common Myeloid Progenitor
Myeloblast
B. Promyelocyte - then a few stages of development
B.Band (immature form)
Basophil
Neutrophil haematopoiesis:
Hemocytoblast
Common Myeloid Progenitor
Myeloblast
N. Promyelocyte - then a few stages of development
N. Band (immature form)
Neutrophil
Eosinophil haematopoiesis:
Hemocytoblast
Common Myeloid Progenitor
Myeloblast
E. Promyelocyte - few stages of development
E. Band (immature form)
Eosinophil
Monocyte Haematopoiesis:
Hemocytoblast
Common Myeloid Prohenitor
Myeloblast
Monoblast
Promonocyte
Monocyte
Then differentiation into macrophage or myeloid dendritic cell
General Lymphocyte development
Hemocytoblast
Common Lymphoid Progenitor
B or T cell haematopoiesis:
Hemocytoblast
Common Lymphoid Progenitor
Lymphoblast
Prolymphocyte
Small Lymphocyte (4)
Then differentiates into B or T cell
Natural Killer cell haematopoiesis:
Hemocytoblast
Common Lymphoid Progenitor
Lymphoblast
Prolymphocyte
Natural killer cell (large granular lymphocyte)
Haematopoiesis of lymphoid dentritic cell
Hemocytoblast
Common lymphoid progenitor
Lymphoid dendritic cell
Platelet haematopoiesis:
Hemocytoblast
Common myeloid progenitor
Magakaryoblast, Promegakaryocyte
Megakaryocyte
Platelets formed from Megacaryocyte cytoplasm
What kind of immune reaction are neutrophils most commonly associated with?
Inflammation
Bacterial
What kind of immune reaction are eosinophils most commonly associated with?
Allergy
Parasitic Infection
