Calibration

Question 1

hiw should the number of calibration standards be?

Answer 1

it should cover the range of the concentration encountered during the analysis of the test samples

Question 2

what are the calibrabtion methodlogies?

Answer 2

External, interal, standard addition and normalisation method

Question 3

on what does the choice of a method depends?

Answer 3

type of error

Question 4

what are exsamples of errors?

Answer 4

sample variability (sample preparation, sample introduction
interference effects (matrix interference

Question 5

when should the method be used?

Answer 5

no sample variation of matric interference
the external method should be used
sample-sample variability: internal standard method
matrix interference: standard addition method

Question 6

Standard Addition Method?

Answer 6

1. equal aliquot of the sample to be measure is filled in a volumetric flask
2. first aliquot nothing is added
3. to the rest of the aliquot, a measured amound of the calibration is added to the sample

Question 7

how is the concentration of sample is determined when used the SAM?

Answer 7

plot the response against the known concentration of the standard.

the unknown concentration is dtermined by extrapolating the regression line to the x-axis intercepts or by using the regressiion equation

Question 8

ISM?

Answer 8

a predetermined amount of the standard( shoul be similar) is added with each prepared sample

Question 9

what is plotted against each other in ISM?

Answer 9

y is the ratio between the response of the sample standard and the internal standard against the x( ratio between the concentration of the sample standard and the internal standard

Question 10

what is the response factor?

Answer 10

the slope (y/x), used to determine the unknown concentration