Caldwell TQs Flashcards

1
Q

Indications for castration

A
  • Eliminate masculine behavior
  • prevent breeding
  • pathologies (ing. hernia, orchitis/epididymitis, hydrocele/varicocele, testic. torsions/trauma, testic. neoplasia)
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2
Q

Optimal age of castration

A

1-2 yrs

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3
Q

When do the testes move to the inguinal canal?

A

270-300 days of gestation (descended @ birth)

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4
Q

True/False: when preping the equine P for castration, you should give tetanus prophylaxis?

A

True

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5
Q

Benefit of standing castration

A

Don’t have to wait for them to recover

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6
Q

In the surgical castration approach, what are the 2 parallel incision

A
  1. Parallel to the median raphe
  2. Incise skin, dartos, fascia
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7
Q

In which technique of castration is the parietal tunic incised?

A

Open

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8
Q

In which method of castration is the parietal tunic not incised?

A

Closed

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9
Q

In which technique of castration is the vaginal cavity not opened?

A

Closed

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10
Q

True/False: tearning does not help hemostasis

A

False

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11
Q

When castrating, which testicle do you start with (higher or lower hanging one)

A

Lower testicle first

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12
Q

How does the scrotal incision heal

A

open heal by 2nd intention

or

primary closure

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13
Q

How long does it typically take the open scrotal incision to heal

A

3 wks

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14
Q

Post op: how much stall rest? forced exercise?

A

Stall rest: 24 hrs

Forced exercise: 7-10d

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15
Q

When is frank blood coming out of the scrotal incision post op considered a problem

A

if unabated streaming of blood continues for 15-30 min post op

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16
Q

What is usually the source of hemorrhage post op (castration)

A

Testicular artery (vein has valves so not from there)

17
Q

How do you tx post op castration hemorrhage

A
  • Reclamp/emasculate cord
  • pack inguinal canal w/guaze –> remove next day
  • hemostatic agents (aminocaproic acid IV; Formalin IV)
  • antibiotics
  • transfusion/fluid therapy
  • laparoscopic exploration/ligation
18
Q

Evisceration is a surgical emergency….in which horses should you use caution while castrating to avoid this

A

Horses <6m

19
Q

What is septic funiculitis

what causes it

A

Infxn of the spermatic cord

due to extension of scrotal infxn

20
Q

Factors that may contribute to septic funiculitis

A
  • improper scrotal drainage
  • non-absorbable suture
  • open castration
  • chronic infxn/cirrhous cord
21
Q

What is the most common type(s) of cryptorchidism

A
  • complete –> testis & epididymis abdominally retained
  • partial/incomplete –> epidiymis but not testes has descendend thru vaginal ring
22
Q
A