Calculations

Question 1

Required Gradient FTNM

Answer 1

Altitude / distance

6070 * tan(θ°)

Question 2

Required rate FPM

Answer 2

FPM = FTNM * GS/60

Question 3

Distance TOD/TOC using FPM

Answer 3

Distance TOC/TOD = time * speed

time = altitude / FPM

speed in NM/min

Question 4

Distance TOC/TOD using FTNM

Answer 4

Distance TOC/TOD = altitude / FTNM

Question 5

Rule of thumb:
TOD with Altitude (3° slope)

Answer 5

Thousands Altitude to lose X 3

3 NM every 1000 FT

Question 6

Rule of thumb:
Calculate VDP (3° slope)

Answer 6

HAT / 300

Question 7

VDP using Gradient

Answer 7

HAT / Gradient

Question 8

VDP using descent angle

Answer 8

HAT / (6070*tan(3))

Question 9

Convert slope angle to Gradient FTNM

Answer 9

6070 * tan(3°)

Question 10

Rule of thumb:
Descent rate (3°)

Answer 10

GS / 2 & add “0”

example
120kts / 2
60

600

Question 11

Rate of Descent using slope or gradient

Answer 11

Gradient * GS/60 = FPM
FT/NM * NM/min = FPM

Gradient FTNM = 6070 * tan(3)

Question 12

Level off

Answer 12

10% VSI

Question 13

Lead rollout HDG

Answer 13

1/2 bank angle

Question 14

Standard rate bank angle

Answer 14

= TAS/10 + half result

or

= 15% TAS

Question 15

Convert NM/hr to NM/min

NM/min to NM/hr

Answer 15

NM/hr to NM/min
/60

NM/min to NM/hr
*60

Question 16

Calculate Range

Answer 16

Speed * Time /60

Question 17

Calculate Ground Speed

Answer 17

Distance / Time *60

Question 18

Calculate Time in min

Answer 18

Distance / GS *60

Example
14 NM / 120 NM/hr *60min/hr
= 7 min

Question 19

Fuel Required

Answer 19

Fuel required =

Time enroute * Fuel consumption rate

Question 20

Remaining time enroute

Answer 20

Remaining time =

Distance remaining / ground speed

Question 21

1:60 rule