Calcium/Phosphate Balance Flashcards
1
Q
Hypocalcemia S/S
A
- “Bones, stones, groans, + moans”
- Nerve/muscle excitability
- Tetany (Trousaaeua + Chvostek sign)
- Cardiac arrhythmia
- Abdominal pain
- Psych
2
Q
Hypercalcemia S/S
A
- DEC NM excitability
- Cardiac arrhythmia
3
Q
Calcium distribution
A
- 50% Free
- 45% albumin-bound
- 5% complexed w/ phosphate
4
Q
Condition which cause Hypercalcemia
A
- Hypervitaminosis D
- Acidosis (Disrupts bound calcium -> INC Free)
- Thiazide Diuretics (INC Reabsorption)
- Hyperthyroidism
- Malignancy (INC turnover)
- Milk-Alkali syndrome
5
Q
Conditions which causer Hypocalcemia
A
- Alkalosis
- Loop Diuretics
- Hypoparathyroidism
- Renal failure -> Hyperphospatemia
- Pancreatitis (Saponification into necrotic fat)
- Hypo/Hypermagnesemia
6
Q
Hyperphosphatemia causes
A
- Renal failure
- Tumor lysis syndrome
- Cell Lysis (Rhabdomyolysis)
- Phosphate laxatives
- Biphosponates/Acromegaly
- Hypervitaminosis D
- Hypoparathyroidism
7
Q
Hypophosphatemia Causes
A
- Hyperparathyroidism
- Antacids
- DKA
- Refeeding syndrome (alcoholics)
- Urinary wasting (fanconi)
8
Q
Hypomagnesemia causes
A
- Meds (Loop Diuretics, PPIs, some Abx, some chemotherepeutics)
- Hypercalcemia
- Alcoholism
- Hyperthyroid, aldosterone, calemia
- DM I + II
