Calcium Flashcards
Blood Ca changes due to
to abnormal regulatory control; NOT DIET
Increase in blood Ca causes
Ca Rigor; muscle contract; cannot relax
Decrease in Blood Ca
Ca Tetany; uncontrolled muscle contraction
Ca Rigor + Ca Tetany is caused by
changes in abnormal regulatory control; NOT DIET
Long Term inadequate Ca intake is reflected in
BONES not blood
How much % is Ca absorbed
25-30 % normally. 50% in children. teens, pregnant women
What protein is needed to increase Ca absorption?
Ca binding protein
Vitamin that is needed for production of Ca binding protein
Vitamin D
Milk is best for what Vitamin production
Vitamin D
What inhibits Ca abs. ?
lack of stomach acid, High P, vit D. deficiency, high fiber diet, Oxalates, and Phytates
Phytates
seeds, nuts & grains
Oxatales
beets, rhubarb, and spinach
What is needed to enhance ca abs?
Stomach Acid
Vitamin D
Lactose
Growth hormones
Hormones involved in Ca homeostasis?
Vitamin D
parathormone
Calcitonin
How does Vitamin affect the abs. of Ca in the intestines?
-Increases production of intestinal Ca transport genes
-MAKES Ca binding protein to increase abs.
Where is Ca binding protein made?
intestines
When Blood ca decreases what hormone is released ?
Parathyroid hormone PTH is released; stimulates kidneys to convert 25 hydroxy vit D to 1,25 hydroxy vit. D
Vitamin D decreases CA excretion via Kidneys
because the blood is low on Ca; Vitamin d Will tell the kidneys to stop excreting
What hormone stimulates kidneys to convert 25 hydroxy vit D to 1-25 hydroxy vit. d ?
Parathyroid hormone PTH
When does the hormone Parathyroid Hormone PTH signal the kidneys?
When blood Ca levels drop
What is osteoclasts ?
Blood Ca is low; therefore vit. D causes cells to convert into bone DISSOLVING cells to release Ca in the blood
cells from bones need to DISSOLVE to go into the blood
What is osteoblasts?
Blood Ca is high; cells need to convert to bone making cells
from BLOOD TO BONE to reduce blood ca
How does Vitamin d act like a hormone?
When Ca abs. needs to be increased it stimulates intestines to make ca binding protein
When Ca blood is low it will let the kidneys know to stop excreting Ca; PTH gets released.
Vitamin D signals the precursor cells to either to convert either osteoblasts or osteoclasts.
When there is an increase in Ca in the blood the Thyroid gland secretes
Calcitonin - atone wants to stop everything
prevents activation of Vitamin D
prevents reabs. of ca by kidneys
Limits Ca abs. by intestines
inhibits bone breakdown
What hormone gets released when there is an increase of Ca?
Calcitonin