Cadiovascular anatomy Flashcards
Describe in more normal words the term Superior/Inferior, Posterior/anterior, Medial/lateral, proximal/distal, efferent/afferent
Top (head)/bottom
Dorsal (back) and ventram (front)
Center/away from center
In a limb, closer to center/further away from origin
In a nerve, efferent is sending signals to brain , afferent comes into brain
List the external structures protecting the heart and basic cells of heart walls
Pericardium makes a protective sac around heart. Going out to in:
Fibrious Pericardium-connective tissue holding it in position
Parietal pericardium: Serous tissue lining the fibrious peri
Visceral Peri/Epicardium: (not technically peri) a layer of cell between ,myocardium and pericardial space
Parietal and visceral pericardium are two sides of the serous pericardium-partialal facing the fibrious, viceral facing cardiomyoctyes
Myocardium: Thick layer of cardiomyocytes
Endocardium: One layer thick, interface between heart and blood
Explain the 4 chambers of the heart, and some information about their walls
Right and left atrium, right and left Ventricule
Vena cava to Right atrium feeds to right ventricule, which feeds into pulmonary valve (to lungs), then that into left atrium, into left ventricule, to aorta, to body
LEFT side has much thicker wall than RIGHT
Seperated by Interventricular Septum, which finishes at the apex of the heart (bottomest point)
Explain tri/di cuspid valves in the heart and name the main ones
Mention support structures for the valves
Heart valves can be tri (three cusps) or di (two cusps) closing them.
Right atrium => Right ventricule is TRICUSPID VALVE
Right ventri to Pulmanory artery is Pulmanory valve (tricuspid)
Left atrium to left ventri is Mitrial valve (BICUSPID)
LEft ventri to aotra is Aortic valve (tricuspid)
All the “flaps” of the valves are help up by papillary ,uscle and tendinae
Describe the arteries that bring blood to the heart, their origin and path.
all start from the aorta-just after the aortic valve
Running anterior to right atrium and venticule-Right coronary artery
Running behing pulmonary to anterior side of heart-left coronary main artery which splits
-near left ventricule-left anterior descending-left ventri, septum
left Circumflex running to posterior of back-left atrium
Describe how the hearts venous blood is drained and the path of the veins
Veins follow arteries, but drain into the coronary sinus located just under left atrium-then drain to right atrium
3 main vains drain into
great cardiac vein comes around from sinus to left anterior side draining spetum
From the other side, passing on the right (medial)-middle cardiac vein which goes across, and splits with small cardiac vein which goes down on anterior medial side down across right ventricule
