CAA Sections

Question 1

Section 108

Answer 1

Refers to criteria pollutants and is the ample margin of safety that regulates criteria air pollutants

Question 2

Section 109

Answer 2

For each criteria pollutant, national primary and secondary air quality standards have to be regulated and imposed

Question 3

Section 110

Answer 3

Refers to SIPs and FIPs in which states have to submit a plan on how they’re going to enforce, control, implement, maintain, etc air quality standards for criteria pollutants.

Question 4

Section 111(b)

Answer 4

Requires federal performance standards for new/modified sources under PSD and NSR for all air pollutants

Question 5

Section 111(d)

Answer 5

For emissions of pollutants that fall under the “other” category, EPA must establish regulations for existing sources for the correct category.

Question 6

Section 112

Answer 6

Refers to the regulation of hazardous air pollutants based off of technology-based standards.

Question 7

Section 202

Answer 7

New motor vehicle emissions must be regulated by EPA for potential public health endangerment

Question 8

Section 209

Answer 8

If you were a state that had tailpipe emission standards before the federal government, you can apply for a waiver to apply your own standards aside from the federal government

Question 9

Section 211

Answer 9

Has very similar standards to section wow but instead it’s for fuel and fuel additives

Question 10

What does the CAA regulate?

Answer 10

Criteria pollutants, hazardous pollutants, other pollutants like GHGs, mobile sources, and stationary sources,

Question 11

How does the CAA regulate?

Answer 11

It’ regulates through 4 programs such as the NAAQS, NSPS, Hazardous Air Pollutants, and Mobile Sources

Question 12

What are the horizontal separation of powers?

Answer 12

Congress, executive branch, and courts

Question 13

What are the vertical separation of powers?

Answer 13

The split between the states and national government

Question 14

What is congress role?

Answer 14

Does legislation in terms of passing statutes, overseeing and investigating administrative agencies, and appropriating financial budgets

Question 15

What is the executive branch role?

Answer 15

Although there is a list of roles, one of their main roles is to sign statues into laws and make sure they’re being carried out by congress.

Question 16

What is the role of federal courts?

Answer 16

To review challenges to the constitution from different statutes, review challenges to agencies’ interpretation of statutes and whether implementation was necessary, and to review agencies enforcement of statutes

Question 17

What is the role of administrative agencies?

Answer 17

To enforce/issue regulations to implement provisions, conduct/review research of their efforts, monitor conditions of statutes being regulated, enforcing statutes and regulations

Question 18

What 3 sources of lead?

Answer 18

Food, lead paint, and ambient air

Question 19

What are the ways we measure risk?

Answer 19

Epidemiology, toxicology, and exposure science

Question 20

What is the new source review?

Answer 20

Pre construction review and program implementation for new/modified sources under PSD and no attainment for major stationary sources,

Question 21

Does nonattainment programs apply to both existing and new/modified sources?

Answer 21

Yes

Question 22

What are the steps for NAAQS?

Answer 22

1. EPA lists criteria pollutants and preps criteria documents
2. EPA establishes NAAQS for each criteria pollutant
3. EPA reviews the NAAQS every 5 years
4. EPA determines attainment/non-attainment status for the NAAQS of each criteria pollutant in AQCRs
5. States prepare a SIP that states how they’ll afhiev NAAQS
6. EPA either approves or rejects SIPs
7. If it’s constantly rejected, EPA can issue a FIP
8. Depending on their NAAQS status, ACQRs are either placed in a PSD or non-attainment programs.

Question 23

What is the new source performance standard?

Answer 23

Consists of section 111(b) and 111(d). Section 111(b) refers to all air pollutants under new/modified sources. section 111(d) refers to only the “other” pollutants for existing sources.