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PR2135 > CA1: Gavin Dawe + Inthrani > Flashcards

CA1: Gavin Dawe + Inthrani Flashcards

1
Q

NSAIDs for Rheumatoid Disorders

A

Aspirin, Naproxen, Indomethacin, Diclofenac

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2
Q

COX-2 Selective Inhibitors Rheumatoid Disorders

A

Celecoxib, Parecoxib, Etoricoxib

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3
Q

Analgesic for OA

A

Parecetamol

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4
Q

Uric acid synthesis inhibitors for Gout

A

Allopurinol (purine), Febuxostat (non-purine)

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5
Q

Uricosuric Agents for Gout

A

Probenecid

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6
Q

NSAIDs/Coxibs for Gout

A

Indomethacin/Naproxen & ibruprofen/Coxibs

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7
Q

Leucocyte mobility inhibitor for Gout

A

Colchicine

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8
Q

Pain relief for OA

A

Paracetamol, NSAIDs, Coxibs, Glucocorticoids

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9
Q

Polysaccharide Supplementation for OA

A

Intra-articular hyaluronic acid

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10
Q

Symptomatic slow acting drugs for OA

A

Chondroitin sulphate, glucosamine

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11
Q

csDMARDs for RA (increase adenosine levels, decrease pyrimidines)

A

Methotrexate

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12
Q

csDMARDs for RA (gut microflora)

A

Sulfasalazine

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13
Q

csDMARDs for RA (increase pH of vesicles, interfere with antigen presentation)

A

Hydroxychloroquine

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14
Q

csDMARDs for RA (decrease pyrimidines, antiproliferative T cells, inhibit NF-kappaB)

A

Leflunomide

*colestyramine wash-out for toxicitiy

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15
Q

tsDMARDs for RA (JAK pathway inhibitor, blocks cytokine production)

A

Tofacitinib

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16
Q

bDMARDs (TNF-alpha blockers)

A

Infliximab, Adalimumab

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17
Q

bDMARDs (IL-1 blockers)

A

Anakinra

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18
Q

bDMARDs (IL-6 blockers)

A

Tocilizumab

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19
Q

csDMARDs for SLE

A

Azathioprine (inhibit de novo purine synthesis)
Cyclophosphamide (DNA alkylation)
Hydroxychloroquine

20
Q

Anti-anginal drugs (first line for acute)

A

Nitroglycerin

  • convert GTP to cGMP with guanylyl cyclase –> vasodilation
  • endothelial dysfunction (peroxynitrite)
  • DDI: PDE5 inhibitors
21
Q

Anti-anginal drugs (first line for prophylaxis but not in vasospastic angina) –> BB

A

Beta-1 selective: Metoprolol
Non-selective (Carvedilol)
Beta-1 antagonist & beta-3 agonist (Nebivolol)

22
Q

Anti-anginal drugs (prophylaxis) –> CCB

A

Non-DHP: Verapamil, Diltiazem
DHP: Short acting: Nifedipine (+ BB)
Longer acting: Amlodipine

23
Q

Anti-anginal (prophylaxis) –> Novel antianginals (inhibit inward funny current in SA node)

A

Ivabradine

24
Q

Anti-anginal (prophylaxis) –> Novel antianginals (inhibit slow inward Na current)

A

Ranolazine

25
Q

Anti-anginal (prophylaxis) –> Novel antianginals (inhibit FFA oxidation)

A

Trimetazidine

26
Q

Anti-arrhythmic (Class 1: Na blocking) 1A

local anaesthetic action

A

Procainamide, Quinidine (DNV), Disopyramide (anticholinergic) (for ventricular arrhythmias)

27
Q

Anti-arrhythmic (Class 1: Na blocking) 1B

local anaesthetic action

A

Lidocaine, Mexiletine (for ventricular arrhythmias)

28
Q

Anti-arrhythmic (Class 1: Na blocking) 1C

local anaesthetic action

A

Flecainide, Propafenone (for supraventricular arrhythmias, AF)

29
Q

Anti-arrhythmic (Class 2: BB) control rate

A

Metoprolol (depress AV node)

for Sinus tachycardia, AF, PSVT, WPW syndrome, CHF)

30
Q

Anti-arrhythmic (Class 3: K channel blockers)

A

Amiodarone –> bradycardia, blue-grey discolouration, corneal microdeposits, hypo/hyperthyroidism, pulmonary fibrosis

Dronedarone (lack iodine atoms, no thyroid SE)

31
Q

Anti-arrhythmic (Class 4: CCB)

A

Non-DHP: verapamil/diltiazem

CI: digitalis toxicity, beta-blockade, AV block

32
Q

Anti-arrhythmic (Class 5) for CHF, AF

A

Digoxin (lower speed of conduction)

Toxicity: cardiac exacerbation, GIT, CNS

33
Q

Anti-arrhythmic (Class 5) for supraventricular tachycardias

A

Adenosine (IV)

34
Q

Anti-arrhythmic (Class 5) for torsades de pointes

A

Magnesium

35
Q

Anti-Thrombotic (normal)

A

Aspirin

36
Q

Anti-Thrombotic (ADP receptor - Thienopyridine-derivatives)

A 
Ticlopidine
Clopidogrel (CYP2C19)
Prasugrel (overcome shortcomings)
37
Q

Anti-Thrombotic (ADP receptor - Non-Thienopyridine-derivatives)

A

Ticagrelor (inhibit G protein activation, DDI with CYP3A4 inhibitors)
*higher risk of bleeding events

38
Q

Anti-Thrombotic (GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors) reversible

A

Abciximab against complex(oral)
Eptifibatide (receptor antagonist competes with fibrinogen) (oral)
Tirofiban (non-peptide antagonist) IV

39
Q

Oral anti-coagulants (vit K antagnoist)

A

Warfarin

40
Q

Oral anti-coagulants (NOACs)

A

Dabigatran (block F2a), antidote: idarucizumab

Rivaroxaban & Apixaban (block F10a)

41
Q

Parenteral anti-coagulants

A

Heparin (HIT) & LMWH

Lepirudin (treat HIT)

42
Q 
Fibrinolytic drugs (r-tPA, bind to fibrin-bound plasminogen)
CI: prior hemorrhage
Antidote: tranexamic acid
A

Alteplase, Reteplase, Tenecteplase (longer half life)

43
Q 
Fibrinolytic drugs (uPA/streptokinase)
CI: prior hemorrhage
Antidote: tranexamic acid
A

Urokinase, Streptokinase (form complex with PLG)

bind to both free & fibrin-bound PLG

44
Q

Hypothyroidism drugs

A

Levothyroxine (longer half life)
DDI: estrogen hormone therapy
-subclinical hypothyroidism, elderly, pregnant, IHD

Liothyronine –> short half life, more CV effects

45
Q 
Hyperthyroidism drugs (thioamides - inhibit TPO)
**SE: agranulocytosis
A

Carbimazole (Thiamazole)

Propylthiouracil (PTU) –> additional inhibit deiodination of T4 to T3, for thyroid storm

46
Q

Hyperthyroidism (high conc of iodine)

for pre-operative/thyrotoxic crisis/endemic goitre

A

Lugol’s solution/KI + BB

47
Q

Hyperthyroidism (radioactive iodine)

A

131 I for thyroid destruction, 123 I (beta & gamma) for diagnostic

PR2135 (2 decks)

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