Ca1 Flashcards
He fought for religious freedom and individual rights.
He is the first leader to prescribe imprisonment as correctional treatment for major offenders.
He is also responsible for the abolition of death penalty and torture as a form of punishment.
William Penn
Physician, patriot, signer of the Declaration of Independence, and social reformer, advocated the penitentiary as replacement for capital or corporal punishment.
Benjamin Rush
An institution intended to isolate prisoners from society and from one another so that they could reflect on their past misdeeds, repent, and thus undergo reformation.
Penitentiary
A french historian and philosopher who analyzed law as an expression of justice. He believe that harsh punishment would undermine morality and that appealing to moral sentiments as as better means of preventing crime.
Charles Montesquieu
He was the most versatile of all philosophers during this period. He believes that fear of shame was a deterrent to crime. He fought the legality - sanctioned practice of torture.
Voltaire
He wrote an essay entitled “An Essay on crimes and Punishment” the most exciting essay on law during this century. It presented the humanistic goal of law.
Cesare Beccaria
The greatest leader in the reform of English criminal law. He believes that whatever punishment designed to negate whatever pleasure or gain the criminal derives from crime; the crime rate would go down.
Jeremy Bentham
A prison that consist of a large circular building containing multi cells around the periphery. It was never built.
Panopticon Prison
The Sheriff of Bedfordshire in 1733, who devoted his life and fortune to prison reform. After his finding on English prisons, he recommended the following
John Howard
A. Single cells for sleeping
B. Segregation of women
C. Segregation of youth
D. Provision of sanction facilities
E. Abolition of fee system which jailers obtained money from prisoners.
A follower of Bentham, was an able lawyer and the most effective leader in direct and persistent agitation for reform of the English criminal code.
Sir Manuel Romilly
Was the leader in the English legislature for reform of the criminal code, pushing through programs devised by Bentham, Romilly, and others.
Sir Robert Peel
Who was the director of the prisons of Valencia, Spain, in 1835, divided prisoners into companies and appointed prisoners as petty officers in charge. Academic classes of one hour a day were given in all inmates under 20 years of age
Manuel Montesimos
It was used to eliminate the so called flat sentence
Mark system
He is the director of the Irish Prison in 1854 who introduced the Irish system that was modified from the maconochies mark system.
Walter Crofton
He was the famous for the establishment of agricultural colony for delinquent boys in france in 1839.
Frederic Auguste Demetz
