C9 - Crude Oil And fuels Flashcards
What is crude oil?
A finite resource found in rocks often under oceans
What are groups of molecules called?
Homologous groups
If it ends in -ane what is it?
A alkane
Crude oil is a mixture of…
Hydrocarbons
How many carbons in methane?
1
How many carbons in ethane?
2
How many carbons in propane?
3
How many carbons in butane?
4
What is the rule to work out the formula for an alkane?
CnH2n+2
How is crude oil separated?
By fractional distillation
Explain the method for crude oil being separated.
Crude oil is heated and the fractions boil at their specific boiling point before condensing to be collected.
What are the 5 properties of alkanes?
Flammable
Saturated
Immiscible
Volatile
Viscous
The longer the chain length…
The higher the boiling point
Why does a long chain length have a higher boiling point?
More intermolecular forces to overcome
What is volatility?
The property of evaporation so the shorter the chain the more volatile.
What is viscosity?
The property that determine flow so longer chains are more viscous
Why does viscosity occur?
More intermolecular forces to keep them stuck together meaning less flow
Which chains are more flammable?
Longer chains are less flammable than shorter chains
Why is something flammable?
More intramolecular bonds to break
Are alkanes immiscible?
No lakebed mix with water
Are alkanes saturated?
All alkanes are saturated which are full of single bonds
What are alkenes?
Also hydrocarbons
Have one double bond with carbon
All end in -ene
What is the formula for alkene?
CnH2n
