C9- crude oil and fuels

Question 1

what is crude oil made from

Answer 1

remains of living sea creatures decayed in mud for millions of years

Question 2

is crude oil finite

Answer 2

yes

Question 3

what is crude oil made of

Answer 3

mixture of hydrocarbons

Question 4

what are hydrocarbons made of

Answer 4

only hydrogen and carbon

Question 5

what are the main hydrocarbons in crude oil

Answer 5

alkanes

Question 6

alkane- m……… and it’s formula

Answer 6

methane
CH4

Question 7

alkane- e……… and it’s formula

Answer 7

ethane
C2H6

Question 8

alkane- p……… and it’s formula

Answer 8

propane
C3H8

Question 9

alkane- B……… and it’s formula

Answer 9

butane
C4H10

Question 10

what’s the general formula for an alkane

Answer 10

C n H 2n+2

Question 11

how do you separate the mixture of hydrocarbons to use them

Answer 11

fractional distillation
evaporation and then condensation

Question 12

what are the steps of fractional distillation

Answer 12

1 heat the crude oil to evaporate it
2 the gases rise up the column
3 the different fractions condense at different temperatures

Question 13

what is combustion

Answer 13

a reaction with oxygen (burning)

Question 14

a reaction with oxygen is called (not combustion)

Answer 14

oxidation

Question 15

what is released when hydrocarbons burn a lot

Answer 15

energy

Question 16

what are the products of complete combustion of hydrocarbons

Answer 16

carbon dioxide and water

Question 17

complete combustion happens when

Answer 17

there is plenty of oxygen

Question 18

what’s the general equation of combustion

Answer 18

hydrocarbon + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water

Question 19

what is the word equation for the complete combustion of propane

Answer 19

propane + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water

Question 20

what do you do with the larger molecules from fractional distillation (cracking)

Answer 20

break them down into smaller more useful molecules

Question 21

what does cracking produce

Answer 21

mixture of alkanes and alkenes

Question 22

do alkanes or alkenes have a double bond

Answer 22

alkenes

Question 23

what do alkenes do to bromine water

Answer 23

turn colourless

Question 24

what are alkenes used to make

Answer 24

polymers

Question 25

catalytic cracking

Answer 25

catalyst and 500•c

Question 26

steam cracking

Answer 26

steam and 850•c