C9 Crude oil Flashcards
What is crude oil?
Crude oil is made up of?
Crude oil is a finite resource formed over millions of years.
Crude oil is made up of a mixture of hydrocarbons.
What is an alkane?
What makes something saturated?
WHat is the general alkane formula
Name the 4 simplest alkanes
(Hint! Monkeys eat peeled bananas)
An alkane is a type of hydrocarbon. An alkane contains single bonds only.
Single bonds make something saturated.
General formula for an alkane:
CnH2n+2
Methane, Ethane, Propane, Butane
When we crack a hydrocarbons we produce ?
Long chain hydrocarbons can be split into ?
What are the 2 types of cracking?
When we crack a hydrocarbon we produce an alkene and an alkane.
Long chain hydrocarbons are split into shorter, more useful chain lengths.
2 types of cracking)
a) Catalytic - high temperature + catalyst
b) Steam cracking - very high temperatures and steam
Complete combustion?
Incomplete combustion?
WHen fuels burn plenty of oxygen - COmplete combustion. The products are always Carbon dioxide + Water
Incomplete combustion is when fuels burn without enough oxygen present. Products are Carbon monoxide and carbon
Short chains have a …bp, …. flammibility,…. viscosity
Long chains have a …bp, …. flammibility,…. viscosity.
Short chains have a low boiling point, high flamibility and low viscosity.
Long chains, high BP, low flammibility and high viscosity.
During fractional distillation, crude oil…
Crude oil is firstly…
Short chains v long chains
Crude oil is separated into fractions..
Crude oil is firstly vapourised before it goes into a fractionating column.
Very hot at bottom, cooler at top (temperature gradient).
Short chain hydrocarbons - low BP, condense at cooler temps. Long chains have a high BP and condense near the bottom.
Name the equipment used in combustion
Fuel, Glass funnel, U tube, Anhydrous sulphate , Limewater
Alkenes are?
Alkene general formula
Alkenes are sunsaturated hydrocarbons that contain a double carbon bond
General formula: CnH2n
Water turns…
Water turns blue cobalt chlorued paper pink.
Fraction
Hydrocarbons with a similar chain length
How is crude oil made?
Crude oil is formed mainly of plankton burried in mud and layers upon layers of rock which created high temperatures of pressure.
Alk_nes will…
Alkenes will decolourise orange bromine water. ( with alkanes bromine water will stay orange)
