C8 Rates and Equilibrium Flashcards
What are the 2 ways of finding out the rate of a chemical reaction.
Monitoring the amount of reactants used up or the amount of products made over time
What does the gradient at a specific point of a graph indicate?
The rate of reaction
Activation energy
The MINIMUM amount of energy that particles must have in order to react
Collision theory
Reaction can only take place when the particles collide together with enough energy (activation energy)
SA on rate of reaction
Increases, if SA to volume ratio of any solid reactants is increased. This increases the frequency of collision between reacting particles
What happens to rate of reaction after increase temperature
Rate increases
Because particals have more kenetic energy and so collide for frequently and more energetically
Effect of increasing concentration on the rate of reaction
Increases rate reaction as it increases the frequency of collisions
Increasing pressure on rate of reaction
gases only
Incraeases rate of reaction, as more successful collisions take place
Whats the function of a catalyst
Speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction, but is not used up itself during the reaction. It remains chemically unchanged
Different catalyst are needed for different reactions
When are catalysts used in industry
When ever possible to increase the rate of reaction and reduce energy costs (provide lower activation energy)
Reversible reaction
A reaction were the products can react to make the reactancts and vise versa
In a reversible one reaction is always…
And the other is…..
Exothermic and Endothermic
What can say about the amount of energy given out to the surrounding and taken in, within a reversible reaction
The same
When would the rate of forward and reverse reactions be equal at, in a closed system
At equlibrium
At equlibrium changing the reaction conditions can alter what
The amount of products and reactants in a reaction
