C8 Energy Systems Flashcards
Altitude Training
Specialised Training
- usually done a 2500m+ above sea level where partialo pressure of oxygen is lower
- reduction in the diffusion gradient of oxygen
- not as much oxygen diffuses
- decreased O2 carrying capacity
Benefits of altitude training
Specialised Training
- increased number of rbc
- increased concentration of haemoglobin
- increaese in capiliristaion
- increased lactate concentration
Weaknesses of altitude training
Specialised Training
- when first exposed difficult to train at the same level
- altitude sickness
- loss of fitness and deteriation
- benefits can be lost very quickly on return
- living away from home causing psychological issues
High intensity interval training
(HIIT)
Specialised Training
- used for both aerobic and anaerobic training
- periods of high intensity work followed by rest
- four main variables -> duration (rest + work), intensity, number of intervals
Strengths of HIIT training
Specialised Training
the sympathetic nervous system
The Neuromuscular System
- prepares the body for flight or fight
- prepares for exercise
The Parasympathetic System
The Neuromuscular System
- relaxes the body
- slows down functions
What are the three main types of muscle fibre
The Neuromuscular System
- slow oxidative (type 1) -> slow
- fast oxidative glycolytic (type IIa) -> fast
- fast glycolytic (type IIx) -> fast
Slow twitch
The Neuromuscular System
- slow contraction speed
- low intensity
- low forced
- high resistance to fatigue
- high aerobic capacity
- high capillary density
Fast Twitch
(type 2a)
The Neuromuscular System
- fast contraction size
- large fibre size
- large motor neuron size
- high forced produced
- medium fatigability
- medium mitochondrial density
- medium capillary density
- high anearobic capacity
Fast twitch
(type 2x)
The Neuromuscular System
- fast contraction speed
- large newurone size
- large fibre size
- high force
- low resistance to fatigue
- low capillary density
- very high anearobic capacity
The Motor Unit
The Neuromuscular System
- muscle fibres are grouped into units
- only one fibre type can be in a unit
- work with nervous system to allow contraction
- the motor neurone transmits impulse to fibres
- the motor neurone has branches which end in the neuromuscular junction
All or None Law
The Neuromuscular System
- not possible for a motorr neurone to partially contract
- minimum amount of stimulation (threshold) required to start contraction
- if the sequance impusles are higher or equal = contraction
Slow or fast twitch motor units
The Neuromuscular System
- brain will recruit based on the activity
- long distance running - slow
- weightlifting - fast
what are the two ways to increase strength of contraction
The Neuromuscular System
- wave summation
- spatial summation
