C8 Acids and Alkalis Flashcards
Metal + acid =
Salt + hydrogen
base + acid =
salt + water
alkali + acid=
salt + water
carbonate + acid =
salt+water+carbon dioxide
Salts formed from hydrochloric acids
chloride
Salts formed from nitric acids
nitrate
Salts formed from sulphuric acids
Sulphate
Salts formed from ethanoic acids
ethanoate
Formula for nitric acid
NO*3
Formula for potassium sulfate
K2 SO4
Formula for ammonium carbonate
(NH4) CO3
Formula for magnesium nitrate
Mg (NO*3)
Describe the test to identify hydrogen
Put a lit splint inside a test tube. If there is hydrogen present, there will be a squeaky pop sound.
Describe the test to identify carbon dioxide
If lime water in a particular place turns cloudy, there is carbon dioxide present
The method used to produce a solution of a soluble salt from a dilute acid and alkali
Neutralisation
Litmus paper reaction to pH
Red in acid
Blue in alkali
Methyl orange reaction to pH
Red in acid
Yellow when neutral or in alkali
Phenolphthalein reaction to pH
Colourless in acid
Pink in alkali
Universal indicator reaction to pH
If it is acid it will go from dark red (most acidic, 1) to light green (slightly acidic, 6)
If it is alkali it will go from very dark blue (most alkalinic, 14) to blue (slightly alkalinic, 8)
What is a strong acid?
A completely ionised acid in aqueous solution.
It also has a higher concentration of hydrogen ions.
What is a weak acid?
A partially ionised acid in aqueous solution
It has a lower concentration pf ions.
In an Ionic equation what is important?
The ion that change state/react are important.
All other ions present are known as spectator ions.
what does Copper oxide + sulfuric acid look like
Copper oxide (black) + sulfuric acid (colourless) = a blue liquid/solution
