C6.1.5 Making Ethanol

Question 1

How is alcohol made from renewable raw materials?

Answer 1

Renewable raw materials can be replaced as they are used and should not run out
Ethanol is made from plant sugars using fermentation
Process relies on single-cell fungi - yeast
Yeast cell contains enzymes catalyse conversion of glucose solutions to CO2 + ethanol
Glucose —> carbon dioxide + ethanol
C6H12O6 (aq) —> 2CO2 (g) + 2C2H5OH (aq)

Question 2

Conditions chosen

Answer 2

Yeast cells become inactive if temperature is too low + enzymes become denatured + stop working above 50
Fermentation carried out at about 35 under normal atmospheric pressure
Industrial fermentation use same conditions but more complex equipment

Question 3

Fermentation

Answer 3

Reaction in which ethanol + carbon dioxide are produced from glucose solution using enzymes from yeast

Question 4

Renewable

Answer 4

Can be replaced as it is used

Question 5

Denatured

Answer 5

When an enzymes active side is damaged by Hugh temperatures or extremes of PHs + catalytic activity stops

Question 6

Non - renewable

Answer 6

Used faster than it can be replaced

Question 7

Hydration

Answer 7

In chemistry a reaction in which water is added