C6 Organic Chemistry Flashcards
What are alkanes?
Homologous group of saturated hydrocarbons
What is the general formula for alkanes?
CnH2n+2
In a complete combustion reaction of alkanes, what is produced?
Carbon dioxide and water
In an incomplete combustion reaction of alkanes, what is produced?
Carbon monoxide (or carbon) and water
What are alkenes?
Homologous group of unsaturated hydrocarbons (one double carbon carbon covalent bond)
What is the general formula for alkenes?
CnH2n
How do you test for alkenes?
By adding alkene to bromine water, it will decolourise as the bromine join as the double bonds open up. It turns from orange to colourless.
What is a homologous series?
A group of chemicals with similar chemical structures
What is an alcohol?
A functional group with -OH
What is the general formula for an alcohol?
CnH2n+1OH
What happens when alcohol is oxidised?
It is oxidised with an agent e.g. potassium manganate (VII) to form a carboxylic acid.
What else happens when alcohol is oxidised?
The solution changes from purple to colourless
What is a carboxylic acid?
A functional group with -COOH
What is the general formula for carboxylic acid?
Cn-1H2n-1COOH
What is addition polymerisation?
Alkenes open up their double bonds and join together to form a polymer
