C5.1 Monitoring chemical reactions Flashcards
accurate
a measure of how close a result is to the true value. An accurate result is very close
actual yield
the mass of product obtained in a chemical reaction
atom economy
proportion of atoms in the reactants that end up in the desired product. It is given by (sum of Mr of desired product ÷ sum of Mr of all products) × 100
burette
a graduated tube with a tap, used in titrations
by-product
a substance formed in a reaction in addition to the desired product. By-products may or may not be useful
concordant titres
results from a titration that are within 0.10cm3 of each other
end-point
the point at which the two reactants in a titration have exactly reacted together
limiting reactant
a reactant present in an amount less than that needed to react completely with the other reactant in a chemical reaction
measuring cylinder
a piece of apparatus used to measure different volumes of solution
meniscus
the curve in the surface of a liquid
molar volume
the volume occupied by one mole of a gas (24dm3 at room temperature and pressure)
percentage yield
the proportion of the theoretical yield actually obtained during a reaction, expressed as a percentage. It is given by (actual yield ÷ theoretical yield) × 100
pipette filler
device to draw liquids into a pipette safely
precision
a measure of how close the agreement is between measured values
reaction pathway
a reaction, or series of reactions, chosen for making a particular substance
