C5 Making Salts From Metals

Question 1

What are salts and how are they formed?

Answer 1

A salt is formed when hydrogen of an acid is replaced by a metal or the ammonium ion.
Example: sodium chloride is formed from the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium

Salts are named by keeping metal name and changing the non-metal name to either -ide (if non-metal is by itself) or -ate (if non-metal AND oxygen present).

Question 2

What are the three main acids?

Answer 2

Hydrochloric acid (HCl) 
Sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
Nitric acid (HNO3)

Question 3

What is the 4 equations for making salts?

Answer 3

1 Metal + Acid -> Salt + Hydrogen
Example: Zinc + Hydrochloric acid -> Zinc chloride + Hydrogen
Metal must be reactive enough
2 carbonate + acid-> salt + water+carbon dioxide
3 alkali + acid-> salt + water
4 base + acid-> salt + water

Question 4

How are the salts made

Answer 4

If salt is soluble the salt is formed by evaporating water

If salt insoluble salt is formed by filtering

Question 5

How are salts named?

Answer 5

By keeping the metal name but changing the non metal name t

• ide If non metal is present by itself
• ate if there is non metal and oxygen present