C5- Energy Changes Flashcards
What is the law of conservation of energy?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.
True or False: Kinetic energy is the energy of motion.
True
Fill in the blank: Potential energy is stored energy based on an object’s _____ or position.
shape
What type of energy is associated with the position of an object above the ground?
Gravitational potential energy
Which formula represents kinetic energy?
KE = 1/2 mv^2
What is thermal energy?
The total kinetic energy of particles in a substance.
True or False: Chemical energy is a form of potential energy.
True
What type of energy transformation occurs when a battery powers a flashlight?
Chemical energy to electrical energy
Fill in the blank: The energy stored in food is primarily _____ energy.
chemical
What is the unit of energy in the International System of Units (SI)?
Joule (J)
Which type of energy is released during a nuclear reaction?
Nuclear energy
What is an example of mechanical energy?
The energy of a moving car
True or False: Energy can be fully converted from one form to another without any loss.
False
What is the primary source of energy for the Earth?
The Sun
Fill in the blank: Energy changes in a system can be represented using _____ diagrams.
energy
What is an example of energy transformation in photosynthesis?
Light energy to chemical energy
What is the term for energy that is transferred due to a temperature difference?
Heat
True or False: Renewable energy sources include solar, wind, and geothermal.
True
What is the energy transformation when a pendulum swings?
Potential energy transforms to kinetic energy and back.
Fill in the blank: _____ energy is associated with the movement of electrons.
Electrical
What happens to energy during a closed system process?
The total energy remains constant.
What is the difference between endothermic and exothermic reactions?
Endothermic reactions absorb energy, while exothermic reactions release energy.
Fill in the blank: In a _____ reaction, energy is absorbed from the surroundings.
endothermic
What is the principle of energy efficiency?
The ratio of useful energy output to total energy input.
True or False: Energy can be converted into mass according to Einstein’s equation.
True
What is the primary form of energy used in power plants?
Thermal energy
