C5 Flashcards
What is the Allosteric Site of an enzyme
The rest of the enzyme (outside) does nothing
What are enzymes?
Biological Catalysts which remain unchanged after chemical reactions
When Enzymes are present, what are the effects? (2)
- Less energy is needed to start the chemical reaction
- reaction rates are higher
Draw up a diagram of the induced fit model of enzyme function
Check the enzymes PowerPoint in the google classroom.
This image must include:
- Active site and change
- Substrate
- Substrate enzyme complex
- Products produced and leaving the enzyme unchanged
What are the different types of reactions that enzymes catalyse? (2)
Anabolic reactions and Catabolic reactions.
What factors affect enzyme activity? (4)
- Temperature
- pH
- Enzyme concentration
- Substrate concentration
Draw the graph for the effect of changing temperatures on the reaction rate when enzymes are added
Check enzymes PowerPoint
Draw the graph for the effect of changing pH on the reaction rate when enzymes are added
Check enzymes PowerPoint
Draw the graph for the effect of changing the concentration of substrate/enzyme on the reaction rate when enzymes are added
Check enzymes PowerPoint
What are Co-factors and Co-enzymes?
Any non-protein chemical needed for an enzyme reaction to proceed
Organic molecules are called co-enzymes, and inorganic molecules are called co-factors
What is competitive inhibition?
This is when a non-substrate molecule binds to the active site of an enzyme. This blocks the substrate from reaching the active site, stopping reactions.
What is non-competitive inhibition?
This is when a non-substrate molecule binds to an allosteric site on the enzyme. This changes the shape of the active site and stops the substrate from binding to the enzyme
Each nucleotide in DNA is made of… (3)
- Pentose sugar
- phosphate group
- one of four nitrogenous bases
How is each backbone chemically bonded?
Each Pentose sugar is connected to the phosphate above and below it in the chain.
How many hydrogen bonds do adenine and thymene create between them?
2
What are the differences between RNA and DNA
RNA is:
- Short
- single-stranded
- ribose sugar
- has uracil
DNA is:
- Long
- Double Stranded
- Deoxyribose sugar
- Has thymene
What are the enzymes involved in DNA replication? (4)
- Helicase
- Primase
- Polymerase
- Ligase
Draw up a diagram of DNA replication on the iPad
Check on Google Drive notes from Nicola
Define Gene regulation
The process used to control the timing, location and amount in which genes are expressed
