C5

Question 1

What elements come after carbon in the reactivity series?

Answer 1

Potassium, sodium, lithium, calcium, magnesium and aluminium

Question 2

What elements come after hydrogen but before carbon in the reactivity series?

Answer 2

Zinc, iron, tin and lead

Question 3

What elements in the reactivity series come before hydrogen?

Answer 3

Copper, silver, gold and platinum

Question 4

What is an ore?

Answer 4

A rock that contains enough of a element/compound to make extracting the element/compound worthwhile

Question 5

What are the products of a reaction between a metal and an acid?

Answer 5

A metal salt and hydrogen

Question 6

Why does copper not react with acid?

Answer 6

It is lower than hydrogen on the reactivity series, so cannot displace the H+ ions from the solution

Question 7

What are the formulas for sulphuric, nitric and phosphoric acid?

Answer 7

S- H2SO₄
N- HNO₃
P- H3PO₄

Question 8

Write an equation for the reaction between magnesium and copper(II) sulphate solution:

Answer 8

Mg(s) + CuSO4(aq) → MgSO4(aq) + Cu(s)

Question 9

Write an ionic equation for the reaction between magnesium and copper(II) sulphate solution:

Answer 9

Mg(s) + Cu2+(aq) → Mg2+(aq) + Cu(s)

The sulphate (SO42-) ions are not included as they do not change in the reaction

Question 10

What is the name of this process show in the half-equation?:
Fe(s)→ Fe2+ + 2e-

Answer 10

Oxidation

Question 11

How can carbon be used to extract metals from their oxides?

Answer 11

The metal oxide can be heated with carbon, and it will displace the metal from its oxide (reducing it), forming a pure metal and carbon dioxide gas

Question 12

How can tungsten be extracted from its oxide, given that it will form a compound if reacted with carbon?

Answer 12

It can be heated with hydrogen gas, producing pure tungsten and steam

Question 13

Why do we tend to not use alkali metals in reactions with acids?

Answer 13

They react too violently for the reaction to be carried out safely.

Question 14

What is a base?

Answer 14

Compounds that can neutralise acids. Alkalis are a type of base called a soluble base

Question 15

What are the products of a reaction between a base and an acid?

Answer 15

A salt and water

Question 16

Describe the process you would use to obtain copper sulphate crystals using sulphuric acid and copper (II) oxide (insoluble base):

Answer 16

1) Add insoluble copper (II) oxide to sulphuric acid + stir. Warm gently on tripod and gauze
2) Keep adding and stirring until excess black copper oxide is observed
3) Filter into a conical flask
4) Pour the copper sulphate solution into an evaporating dish and obtain the crystals via crystallisation (not writing it fully because I already know how crystallisation works)

Question 17

What type of positive ion can be found in a salt?

Answer 17

A metal or ammonium ion

Question 18

What colour does litmus paper turn in acids and alkalis?

Answer 18

red- acid
blue-alkali

Question 19

What ions do acids release when they are dissolved in water?

Answer 19

H+

Question 20

What may be an indication of a metal reacting with an acid?

Answer 20

Fizzing, as hydrogen gas is produced

Question 21

Where does the position of equilibrium lie in dissociation of weak acids?

Answer 21

To the left- there are more molecules of dissociated acid than undissociated