C458 Flashcards
Skeletal System
Bones, Joints, and Cartilage
Muscular System
Striated, Smooth, and Cardiac Muscles
Nervous System
Sends signals to the brain, major controlling and communicating system
Central Nervous System
Brain and Spinal Cord, send signals to parts of body
Peripheral Nervous System
All other nerves, relays messages from CNS to areas of the body
Sensory Organs
Eyes, Ears, Nose, and Mouth
Respiratory System
Lungs, Airflow Passageways, Blood Vessels, and Muscles
Primary Respiratory Organ
Lungs
Upper Respiratory Passages
Nose, Pharynx, and Larynx
Lower Respiratory Passages
Trachea, Bronchial Tree, Lungs
Cardiovascular System
Heart and Blood Vessels
Heart
Pumps blood throughout the body, consists of two upper and two lower chambers
Arteries
Carries blood out of heart
Veins
Carries oxygen-poor blood into heart
Digestive System
Mouth, Pharynx, Esophagus, Stomach, Small Intestine, Large Intestine, Rectum, Anus
Digestive Accessory Organs
Salivary Glands, Liver, Pancreas, and Gallbladder
Urinary System
Kidneys, Ureter, Bladder, and Urethra
Kidneys
The main urinary organ, filters out urea and uric acid via urine
Immune System
White Blood Cells, Lymph, Lymph Nodes, Bone Marrow, Tonsils, Adenoids, Spleen, and Thymus Gland
Antigens
Carried on foreign (harmful) invaders of the body
Integumentary System
Hair, Nails, Skin, and Associated Glands
Endocrine System
Pineal, Pituitary, Thyroid, Thymus, Adrenals, Pancreas, and Ovaries/Testes
Homeostasis
Hormonal balance of the body
Reproductive System (Female)
Vagina, Cervix, Uterus, Fallopian Tubes, Ovaries, Labia, Urethra, Clitoris, and Mammary Glands
Reproductive System (Male)
Testicles, Scrotum, Prostate, Vas Deferens, Urethra, Penis
Four Types of Germs
Bacteria, Viruses, Parasites, and Fungi - Communicable
Bacteria
One cell that multiplies quickly
Viruses
Capsules of genetic material
Fungi
Primitive and plant-like
Parasites
Plants and animals that live off of or inside other living beings
Respiratory Diseases
Colds, Flu, and Mononucleosis (Mono)
Nervous Disease
Meningitus
Integumentary Diseases
MRSA, Cold Sores, Lice, Measles, and Chicken Pox
Urinary Disease
UTIs
Reproductive Diseases
STDs and STIs
Digestive Diseases
Hepatitis A, B, and C
Chronic Diseases
6/10 have one, 4/10 have two - Noncommunicable
Chronic Heart Diseases
Coronary Artery Disease, Stroke, and Hypertension
Coronary Artery/Heart Disease
Build up of plaque on artery walls, can rupture and cause blood clots leading to heart attacks
Stroke
Loss of blood flow to the brain
Hypertension
High Blood Pressure
Cancer
Cells divide without stopping and do not die, causes tumors
Malignant
Cancerous tumors that can spread to other tissues
Benign
Tumors that do not spread and are mostly harmless, benign tumors in the brain are life threatening
Chronic Respiratory Disease
Asthma
Chronic Nervous System Disease
Epilepsy
Chronic Endocrine Diseases
Diabetes Type 1 & 2, Prediabetes
Five Components of Fitness
Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Muscular Strength, Muscular Endurance, Flexibility, and Body Composition
Cardiovascular Exercises
Walking Briskly, Running, Jogging, Dancing, Swimming, Biking, Climbing Stairs, Elliptical, and Sports (Tennis, Basketball, Soccer, Racquetball)
Muscular Strength Exercises
Workout Machines, Free Weights/Barbells, Elastic Bands, Stairs/Hills/Inclines, Objects of Higher Weights, Bodyweight Exercises
