C4.1 Predicting Chemical Reactions Flashcards
What are the features of group 1
Alkali metals
Very reactive , react with oxygen and water
How to prevent the reactivity of alkali metals?
Store in jars that contain oil
What are the properties of group 1?
Shiny when freshly cut
Conduct electricity
Solid at room temperature
What is the trend when moving down the group 1?
As you go down the density increases
Melting point decreases
Reactivity increases
General word equation for group 1 metals?
Metal + Water —> Metal Hydroxide + Hydrogen
Why do group 1 elements react in a similar way?
All have one electron in outer shell.
Reactivity increases as we go down the group because there are more and more shells .
The outer shell electron is lost more easily
What do you observe to lithium with water
Fizzing, slowing disappears
What do you observe to Sodium with water
Vigorous Fizzing, quickly disappear
What do you observe to Potassium with water
Ignite, burn lilac flame
What do you observe to Rubidium with water
Violent/Explode
What are the physical properties of halogens.
They are brittle in solid state
Poor conductors of electricity.
What are the observable features of halogens.
Chlorine - poisonous green gas
Bromine - red/orange liquid -> gives orange vapour
Iodine - dark grey crystalline soldi -> gives purple vapour
What happens as you go down the halogen group?
As you go down it gets less reactive because it is harder to attract the extra electron to fill the outer shell when its further away from the nucleus.
What is the general word equation for halogens?
Halogen + Alkali Metal -> Salt
