C4:Chemical changes Flashcards
what is reduction in terms of oxygen
loss of oxygen
what is oxidation in terms of oxygen
gain og oxygen
name the most reactive substance in the reactivity series
potassium
what comes after p…
sodium
what comes after so…
lithium
what comes after lith…
calcium
what comes after cal….
magnesium
what comes after mag…
zinc
what comes after zi…
iron
what is the least reactive metal in the reactivity series
copper
what are the non metals in the reactivity seris
hydrogen and carbon
what happens when you react a metal and an acid
salt + hudrogen
from potassium to calcium how do the substances react with water and acids
very violent but gradually goes down
from magnesium onwards how do the substances react with water and acids
produce bubbles but produce fewer bubbles as you go down
what happens when you react water and metals
metal hydroxides + hydrogen
what happens in a displacement reaction
more reactive matal displaces less reactive metal
e.g. mg +FeSO4 –> MgSO4 +Fe
how can we extract pure metals from a compound using carbon
if a compound is less reactive than carbon it will displace the compound and make carbon dioxide
how would you extract metals from potassium to magnesium
electrolysis
what is a redox reaction
a reaction that has both reduction and oxidation
what is a rule in an ionic equation
only show particles that take place in the reaction
e.g. Ca +Fe^2+SO4^-4 —> Ca^2+SO4^-4 +Fe
Ca +Fe^2+ —> Ca^2+ + Fe
what is the chemical formula for nitric acid
HNO₃
what happens when you react metal oxide or metal hydroxide with an acid
salt + water
what is the chemical formula for
H₂SO₄
Required practical: how do you make soluble salts using a insoluble base
step 1: put a dilute acid into a beaker and heat it with a Bunsen burner
step 2:add insoluble base a little at a time as you add more some of the base will stop disappearing
step 3 : filter all excess base using filter paper and filter funnel
step 4 : get the soluble salt and heat it up using a electric heater
step 5 :once some of the water is evaporated and crystals start to form stop heating and leave it to cool
step 5 : filter it out using filter paper and a funnel
step 6 : dry the crystals
