C4 Flashcards
What are visible observations of lithium and water reaction?
Fizzing, lithium gets smaller and moves on the surface of water.
What is the balanced symbol equation for the reaction of lithium and water?
2Li + 2H2O ———> 2LiOH + H2
What is the electronic structure of group 1 elements?
All have 1 electron on their outer shell
How does Potassium react with water?
It burns with a lilac flame, it melts and reacts very quickly.
Why is potassium more reactive than lithuim in terms of electronic structure?
In potassium, the outer shell electron is further away from the nucleus. Therefore the outer shell electron is less strongly attached to the nucleus and the outer shell electron is more easily lost.
What gases are in group 0?
Helium, neon, argon etc
Why is helium suitable for balloons?
It’s very unreactive and is less dense than air.
What is the reactivity trend for group 7 elements?
The further up the table, the less reactive. Atoms at the bottom outer electron is closer to the nucleus and have fewer electron shells. So they have stronger attraction to the nucleus and gains electrons more easily.
What happens during a displacement reaction?
An element that is more reactive displaces one that is less reactive.
How would you explain that an element was in a certain group eg group 7?
You would say that it has 7 electrons on the outermost shell.
What is a word equation for the reaction between lithium and water?
Lithuim + water ———> lithium hydroxide + hydrogen
How would magnesium react with hydrochloric acid?
Bubbles are produced and magnesium dissolves.
What is the name and chemical formula for the reaction of magnesium and chlorine?
Magnesium chloride and the chemical formula is MgCl2
What are the rules of displacement?
If a less reactive metal is place with a more reactive compound nothing will happen. But if a more reactive metal is placed less reactive compound, a reaction will happen.
In terms of electrons , describe a displacement reaction.
The element being displaced ions gain electrons and the one that displaces loses electrons.
How can you use changes in limewater to measure how long it takes carbon dioxide to be produced?
Time from when the heating started till limewater turns cloudy.
What is the difference between a pure substance in chemistry and in everyday life?
A pure substance in chemistry is a single element or a single compound whereas a single substance in everyday life is a substance eg orange juice that has nothing added to it.
What is the test for chlorine gas?
Damp litmus paper is put into chlorine gas , the litmus paper is bleached and turns white .
The louder the pop..
The more hydrogen had time to mix with the oxygen.
What are propities of group 1 elements?
Low melting points, low density and very soft. They all form + 1 ions.
What’s the order of reactivity of group 1 elements?
The higher up the more reactive
What are properties of group 7 elements?
They are poisonous, smelly and don’t conduct electricity.
What colour is chlorine?
A green gas
What colours are bromine?
It’s a red- brown liquid that gives off an orange vapour.
