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Chemisty > C4 > Flashcards

C4 Flashcards

1
Q

What are visible observations of lithium and water reaction?

A

Fizzing, lithium gets smaller and moves on the surface of water.

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2
Q

What is the balanced symbol equation for the reaction of lithium and water?

A

2Li + 2H2O ———> 2LiOH + H2

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3
Q

What is the electronic structure of group 1 elements?

A

All have 1 electron on their outer shell

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4
Q

How does Potassium react with water?

A

It burns with a lilac flame, it melts and reacts very quickly.

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5
Q

Why is potassium more reactive than lithuim in terms of electronic structure?

A

In potassium, the outer shell electron is further away from the nucleus. Therefore the outer shell electron is less strongly attached to the nucleus and the outer shell electron is more easily lost.

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6
Q

What gases are in group 0?

A

Helium, neon, argon etc

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7
Q

Why is helium suitable for balloons?

A

It’s very unreactive and is less dense than air.

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8
Q

What is the reactivity trend for group 7 elements?

A

The further up the table, the less reactive. Atoms at the bottom outer electron is closer to the nucleus and have fewer electron shells. So they have stronger attraction to the nucleus and gains electrons more easily.

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9
Q

What happens during a displacement reaction?

A

An element that is more reactive displaces one that is less reactive.

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10
Q

How would you explain that an element was in a certain group eg group 7?

A

You would say that it has 7 electrons on the outermost shell.

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11
Q

What is a word equation for the reaction between lithium and water?

A

Lithuim + water ———> lithium hydroxide + hydrogen

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12
Q

How would magnesium react with hydrochloric acid?

A

Bubbles are produced and magnesium dissolves.

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13
Q

What is the name and chemical formula for the reaction of magnesium and chlorine?

A

Magnesium chloride and the chemical formula is MgCl2

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14
Q

What are the rules of displacement?

A

If a less reactive metal is place with a more reactive compound nothing will happen. But if a more reactive metal is placed less reactive compound, a reaction will happen.

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15
Q

In terms of electrons , describe a displacement reaction.

A

The element being displaced ions gain electrons and the one that displaces loses electrons.

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16
Q

How can you use changes in limewater to measure how long it takes carbon dioxide to be produced?

A

Time from when the heating started till limewater turns cloudy.

17
Q

What is the difference between a pure substance in chemistry and in everyday life?

A

A pure substance in chemistry is a single element or a single compound whereas a single substance in everyday life is a substance eg orange juice that has nothing added to it.

18
Q

What is the test for chlorine gas?

A

Damp litmus paper is put into chlorine gas , the litmus paper is bleached and turns white .

19
Q

The louder the pop..

A

The more hydrogen had time to mix with the oxygen.

20
Q

What are propities of group 1 elements?

A

Low melting points, low density and very soft. They all form + 1 ions.

21
Q

What’s the order of reactivity of group 1 elements?

A

The higher up the more reactive

22
Q

What are properties of group 7 elements?

A

They are poisonous, smelly and don’t conduct electricity.

23
Q

What colour is chlorine?

A

A green gas

24
Q

What colours are bromine?

A

It’s a red- brown liquid that gives off an orange vapour.

25
Q

What colours are iodine?

A

Dark grey solid crystalline that gives off a purple vapour.

26
Q

How does sodium react with water?

A

It fizzes rapidly and melts to form a ball that moves around the water surface.

27
Q

What is the test for hydrogen?

A

A burning splint is held at the open end of a test tube of gas. Hydrogen burns rapidly producing a pop sound.

28
Q

What is the test for oxygen?

A

Uses a glowing splint inserted into a test tube of the gas. The glowing splint relights the oxygen.

29
Q

What the is the test for carbon dioxide?

A

The test for carbon dioxide is an aqueous solution of calcium hydroxide (limewater). When carbon dioxide is shaken with limewater, the limewater turns milky.

30
Q

What are properties of transition metals?

A

They are hard and strong metals. They have high melting points and high density and they’re less reactive than group 1.

31
Q

What are group 1 metals called alkali metals?

A

They react with water producing an alkali solution.

32
Q

Why are group 1 metals stored under oil?

A

Acts as a barrier between sodium and air.

33
Q

If it’s says state the symbol … at room temp

A

Always put lowercase

34
Q

Why do all group 7 elements react in a similar way to hydrogen?

A

They all have the same number of electrons (7) on their outer shell.

35
Q

The number of electrons is…

A

The smaller number

36
Q

The number of neutrons is..

A

The bigger number subtract the smaller number

37
Q

The number of protons is…

A

The smaller(atomic number)

Chemisty (3 decks)

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