C3L4 - Body

Question 1

Good bacteria help protect your body from harmful germs by doing two things.

Answer 1

1) killing them and

2) making your body an unfriendly environment for them to live in.

Question 2

What happens to food when it reaches the small intestine?

Answer 2

Starches and proteins have been partially broken down but fats have not been digested.

Question 3

Where does most chemical digestion and the absorption of nutrients take place?

Answer 3

Chemical digestion and the absorption of nutrients takes place in the small intestine.

Question 4

How long is the small intestine?

Answer 4

The small intestine is about 6 meters long and makes up two thirds of the length of the digestive system.

Question 5

What does the liver make?

Answer 5

The liver makes bile for the digestive system.

Question 6

What is bile?

Answer 6

Bile is stored in the gallbladder and breaks up large fat particles into smaller fat droplets.

Question 7

What is stored in the gallbladder?

Answer 7

Bile is stored in the gallbladder. It is released when food enters the small intestine.

Question 8

What does the pancreas do and where is it located?

Answer 8

The pancreas is a triangular organ located between the stomach and the first part of the small intestine. The pancreas produces digestive enzymes that help break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

Question 9

villi

Answer 9

Villi greatly increase the surface area of the small intestine. More surface area means that more nutrients can be absorbed. Nutrient molecules pass from cells on the surface of a villus into blood vessels and are then delivered to body cells.

Question 10

large intestine

Answer 10

The water and undigested food that is left moves from the small intestine into the large intestine. The large intestine is the last section of the digestive system. Key Idea As material moves through the large intestine, water is absorbed into the bloodstream. The remaining material is readied for elimination from the body.

Question 11

rectum

Answer 11

A short tube at the end of the large intestine where waste material is compressed into solid form.

Question 12

anus

Answer 12

Waste material from the rectum is eliminated from the body through the anus which is a muscular opening at the end of the rectum.

Question 13

How long is the large intestine?

Answer 13

The large intestine is about 1.5 meters long.

Question 14

Name three groups of nutrients

Answer 14

carbohydrates, fats, proteins

Question 15

What are carbohydrates - (simple carbohydrates and complex carbohydrates) needed for?

Answer 15

They are needed for energy, keeping the system functioning properly and provides raw material for cells.

Question 16

fats - unsaturated fats and saturated fats

Answer 16

needed for energy, form part of cell structure, keeps you warm

Question 17

proteins - complete proteins, incomplete proteins

Answer 17

grow tissue, protect energy, repair tissue

Question 18

What type of digestion takes place in the small intestine?

Answer 18

Chemical

Question 18

The structure of the small intestine helps what occur?

Answer 18

Absorption

Question 19

What is the inner surface of the small intestine folded into?

Answer 19

The inner surface of the small intestine is folded into millions of tiny finger shaped structures called villi.

Question 20

Pancreas

Answer 20

The pancreas produces enzymes that flow into the small intestine.