C3.4 Gases, Ammonis And Equlibrium Flashcards
What is Avogadro’s law?
1 mole of any gas at RTP (25 degrees and 1 atmosphere) occupies 24 dm3
What is the formula for Avogadro’s law?
Volume = moles*24
What is a reversible reaction?
A reactions where the products can react with each other and turn back into the reactants
What is dynamic equilibrium?
When the forwards and backwards reaction of a reversible reaction are happening at exactly the same rate.
Why does temperature effect the rate of a reversible reaction?
One is exothermic, one is endothermic.
What happens if you raise the temperature in a reversible reaction?
The endothermic reaction happens faster to try and use up the extra heat, and vice versa
What happens if you raise the pressure?
The equilibrium will favour the reaction with fewer molecules.
What is the effect of a catalyst?
It speeds up both the forward and backwards reaction by the same amount
What is the Haber process?
A reversible reaction that converts nitrogen and hydrogen into ammonia.
Why is the Haber process so important?
Ammonia is used in synthetic fertilisers, which are vital to produce enough food to feed the world.
What are the ideal conditions for the Haber process?
Temperature: 450 degrees Celsius
Pressure: 200 Atmospheres
Catalyst: Iron
Why is 450 degrees C the ideal temperature for the Haber process?
A high temperature favours the backwards reaction - which is bad for manufacturers. However, a low temperature is too slow, so 450 is the compromise.
Why is 200 atmospheres the ideal pressure.
The higher the pressure the better, however the cost of building a plant that can withstand those extreme pressures increases exponentially, so 200 is the highest it can go without the cist being too high.
What are the dangers of using too much fertiliser made from ammonia.
Eutrophication can occur in lakes and bodies of water
