C3.1 Flashcards
Which elements are diatomic
Halogens, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen
How is phosphorus written in an equation?
P4 (one molecule with 4 P atoms)
What is the formula of ammonium
NH4 1+ (ammonia is NH3)
Formula of sulfate ion
SO4 2-
Formula of nitrate ion
NO3 1-
Formula of carbonate ion
CO3 2-
Law of conservation of mass (regarding atoms)
Atoms cannot be created or destroyed, meaning the same atoms are present at the start and end of a reaction
What is a closed system?
A means of reaction in which no substances can enter or leave the reaction e.g a beaker of non-gas reactants, or a flask attached to a gas syringe
What is the main reason that some reactions lose/ gain mass?
Either produced gas escapes, or external gas reacts into a product
How do you ensure an equation is balanced
There is the same number of each elements atoms on both sides
What does (aq) mean
Aqueous, i.e it is dissolved in water
What is a half equation
An equation showing the change to one reactant (regarding electrons)
What is an ionic equation
The equation which shows the ions present in a reaction
What is a spectator ion
Ions that are in the same form before and after reaction - they are left out of net ionic equations
What is a mole
The amount of any substance with an equal amount of entities to the amount of atoms in 12g of carbon-12
