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GEOGRAPHY > C3 Global Tourism > Flashcards

C3 Global Tourism Flashcards

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1
Q

tourist is a person

A

travelling to and staying in places outside of their usual environment for more than 24 hours but lesser than 1 consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes.

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2
Q

tourism ( 2 types )

A
  • domestic tourism refers to tourism within a tourist’s own country.
  • international tourism refers to tourism outside of a tourist’s own country.
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3
Q

types of tourism (8 types )

A
  • honeypot tourism
  • mice tourism
  • medical tourism
  • theme park
  • heritage tourism
  • film-induced tourism
  • pilgrimage tourism
  • dark tourism
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4
Q

honeypot tourism

A
  • refers to tourism that attracts large number of people due to a site’s scenic beauty
  • includes mountains, rivers, desserts, waterfalls, coral reefs and rainforest (provides opportunity for mountaineering, hiking, cycling and swimming.
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5
Q

examples of honeypot tourism

A

-plains of kenya (wildlife site )
gives visitors chance to watch animals closely in their natural habitat
-himalayas (mountainious areas )
have unique combis of vegetation, wildlife, weather and high altitude that draws mountaineer
-phuket,thailand (tropical coastal resorts )
popular among tourist who wants to eacape cold winter of europe/ north america

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6
Q

mice facilities

A
  • meeting, incentives, conventions and events
  • venues that can host large-scale events such as meetings and conventions
  • supporting infrastructure and services such as hotels and retail shops ( attract organisers who organise tradefairs and international conferences which brings in more business travellers)
  • esp for cities located along international air routes/ with attractions such as costal resorts, entertainment and shopping.
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7
Q

mice example

A

according to International Congress and Convention Association, Singapore was the leading convention city in Pacific Asia in 2012 (10 consecutive years)
important events sa Youth Olympic Games 2010
key factors: major aviation hub, availability of reliable telecommunication networks, variety of shopping and entertainment options nearby
MBS Expo and Convention Centre was Asia’s best MICE hotel in 2011 & 2012

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8
Q

medical tourism

A
  • when people travel to a destination to undergo medical procedures that would enhance or restore health. they often travel to countries with excellent reputation for medical procedures.
  • to avoid waiting periods, high cost in home country
  • to seek better quality medical procedures that may not be readily available in home country
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9
Q

medical tourism example

A

WHO 2010 health report on health systems, Singapore ranked 6th ot of 191 countries.
due to:
-intergrated system in Singapore
-good airport
-expensive but trusted medical hub in region

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10
Q

theme park

A

places with amusement park settings or are attractions that have a central subject/ theme

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11
Q

theme park example

A

walt disney world, florida, usa has 17m visitors in 2011

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12
Q

heritage tourism

A
  • when people travel to locations to experience different cultures and to understand the history of places better
  • reinforce national identities for domestic tourists
  • promote a country’s identity, culture and history to international tourists
  • includes museums, traditional festivals and national and historical monuments
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13
Q

heritage tourism example

A

london, UK

  • 15m international tourist/year
  • tower of london and buckingham palace

kandy, sri lanka
-celebrate ‘festival of tooth’ every july-august

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14
Q

film-induced tourism

A
  • when people travel to see locations featured in films
  • understand how certain films were filmed
  • understand how these places inspired parts of film
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15
Q

film-induced tourism example

A

AVATAR - Zhangjiajie National Forest Park, China

  • local officials renamed one of park’s rock columns as Avatar Hallelujah Mountain
  • special avatar theme tours
  • encourage touris to visit park
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16
Q

pilgrimage tourism

A
  • when people travel to take part in a religious activity
  • includes scared places sa shrine, mosque, temple and church which is important to one’s faith and beliefs
  • major religious holidays and events play big roles in drawing large crowds
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17
Q

pilgrimage tourism example

A

islams during haji go to Mecca, saudi arabia
( world’s largest pilgrimage, 3m a year)
1.8 intl

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18
Q

dark tourism

A
  • involves in travelling to sites associated with death and tragedy
  • mostly by survivors, relatives and friends of those affected, people who are interested to know more abt event
  • including battlefield, fortfication, museums and memorials at locations important to modern history
19
Q

promoting tourism

A
  • government
  • media
  • international organisations
20
Q

government promoting tourism (4)

A
  • influence no of visitors, length of stay, authoritise air landings and allow buildings of facilities
  • involved in planning, funding and building infrastructure projects linked to tourism sa airports, roads and ports
  • ensure safety and security of tourist attractions
  • set up agencies that devise stratergies to promote tourism in country sa marketing campaigns and promotional events
21
Q

government promoting tourism example

A

singapore tourism board (stb)

  • encourage development of new attractions sa river safari
  • creates new business opportunities for tourism industry
  • aim to develope singapore as a leading tourist destination for leisure and business in region
22
Q

media promoting tourism (4)

A
  • refers to channels through which news and infomation are communicated to public including tv, radio, newspaper and internet
  • positive news report encourage tourist to visit (friendliness of population, interesting culture, good shoppinh opportunities and attractive scenery)
  • negative reports can deter visitors both immidiately and for many years to come (incidence of violence, disease outbreaks and natural disasters)
  • cause tourist to be more aware of destinations that they have not previously consideted sa Antartica and long distance cruises
23
Q

media promoting tourism example

A

platform: travel websites, guidebooks
- offer opinions and review abt destinations they travelled to
- climate, accomodation, transport and features to look out for, dos and donts
- influence decision of final destination
- eg trip advisor

24
Q

international organisations promoting tourism

A
  • groups of different countries that work together for a common purpose
  • reports produced can encourage/ discourage tourist from visiting
25
Q

international organisations examples

A

World Health Organisation (WHO)

  • provides leadership on global health matters
  • capable of influencing global behaviour
  • WHO has provided situation updates and health advisories on avian influenza (H5N1) from 2003 to 2013
26
Q

international tourism trends

A
  • asia pacific region has increased in popularity as tourist destination
  • more than half of all international tourist originates from europe and north america (both produce more than 10m a year)
27
Q

domestic tourism trends

A
  • most popular form of tourism (2010, 83%)

- china during lunar new year, employees take break for up to 2 weeks (visit relatives and friends, sightseeing)

28
Q

forms of tourism

A
  • mass tourism
  • niche tourism
  • long haul tourism
  • short haul tourism
29
Q

mass tourism

A
  • refers to travel that involves large no. of tourist visiting a particular place together
  • arranged by travel agents, with transportation, accomodation and most meals included in package
  • guides are knowledgeable abt sites, habits, culture and history
30
Q

niche tourism

A
  • refers to special-interest tourism based on a particular area, interest or activity for both individual travellers and package tours
  • example: whale-watching in hawaii, whitewater rafting and bungee jumping in new zealand
31
Q

short haul destinations

A

refers to destinations that are a short distance away from the tourist’s own country, usually reachable by car, train or flight of generally less than 5 hours
-eg sg to hk

32
Q

long haul destination

A

refers to destinations that are long distance away from tourist’s own country thats usually reachable by flight of generally five hours of more
-sg to europe

33
Q

reasons for growth of global tourism

A
  • development in technology
  • demand factor
  • destination factor
34
Q

development in technology

A
  • better and affordable transport

- ease of access to information

35
Q

better and affordable transport

A

-development in technology led to great improvements in safety, shorter travelling time and lower travelling cost
-budget airlines:
1.cheaper as they are smaller and more fuel- efficient and they only fly to short-haul destinations
2.cost futher reduced by selling tickets online rather than through travel agents
3.eg, jetstar asia and tiger airways
4.help increase no of international travellers:
-enables more people to travel internationally and more frequently
-opportunity to go on holiday father from home
(past:domestic, now:intl)
-enables traveller to go to destinations no covered by major commercial airlines
eg bhutan, pacific island
-maintain area: difficult to land
-lesser ppl (budget)
-smaller airplance: can land

36
Q

ease of access to information

A
  • online booking and research:
    1. enables traveller to buy own ticket>travel agents
    2. give tourist more options and control
    3. better access to info (places to see, social etiquettes)
    4. view feedbacks and reccomendations from other travellers
    5. to do more research
  • surveillance, electronic checks and other safety controls research: makes tourist feel safer and more confident in travelling
37
Q

demand factor

A

are factors that affect people’s demand for goods and services and affect ability to travel

  • disposable income
  • leisure time
  • changing lifestyle
38
Q

disposable income

A
  • amt of income left to an individual after paying taxes
  • growth of income allows people to spend more on goods, services and activities that improves quality of life
  • eg china and india, rapid economic growth
39
Q

leisure time

A
  • when people are free from work responsibilities and commitments
  • with more income and paid leave, ppl are more likely to travel
  • eg australia: exchange overtime work for leave
40
Q

changing lifestyle

A
  • change in the way people live thoughtout their lifetime from gen to gen
  • pace of life tdy is much faster so travelling acts as form of relaxation.
41
Q

destination factors

A

infrastructure and services in tourist destinations that allow for more convenient and comfortable stays for tourist

  • attractions
  • investments in infrastructure and services
  • access to infomation
42
Q

attractions

A

-a feature/quality that makes a place interesting and enjoyable. it is often promoted and enhanced by tourism industry to attract more tourist

eg. dubai (9m travellers in 2011)
1. burj al arab, 7star hotel built over artificial land
2. palms island, largest artificial island

43
Q

investmemts in infrastructure and services

A
  • fewer tourist would visit a place if its airport cannot manage growth in air passenger traffic
    eg. changi airport’s budget terminal was closed down in sept 2012 to build changi T4, raising total cap to 85m from 73m,2013

-sufficient hotels must be built to receive rising no. of tourists
eg 2012 to 2016, hk will add 49 more hotels to 189 operating ones (42 to 70m)

-services: food outlets, entertainmrnt and telecomm. link
more formal training for tourism insustry

44
Q

access to information

A
  • tourist are more likely to visit a destination when travel related infomation is easily obtained both outside and withing destination (transport routes and schedules, weather conditions, available accomodation)
  • tourist also want to have access in languages they understand
  • local tour guides and travel agents should be trained to answer questions and help meet needs of tourist to enhance tourist experiences.

GEOGRAPHY (1 decks)

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