C3: atomic structure

Question 1

what are the 3 sub-atomic particles

Answer 1

protons - carry a +tive charge, 1 relative mass, in the nucleus
neutrons - neutral charge, 1 relative mass, in nucleus
electrons - -tive electrical charge, 1/1840 relative mass, at electron shell

Question 2

atoms are electrically ?

Answer 2

neutral

Question 2

nucleons are

Answer 2

proton + neutron

Question 3

nuclide notation

Answer 3

a
element
z
a = mass number
X = atomic symbol of element
z = proton number

different from periodic tables key

Question 4

what are ions

Answer 4

• An ion is the particle formed when an atom or group of atoms gains or loses electron(s), but the number of protons and neutrons remains the same.

eg, Ca2+, 2 more protons than electrons, 20 protons, 20 - 2 = 18 electrons
eg, O2-, 2 more electrons than protons, 8 + 2 = 10 electrons

Question 5

what are isotopes

Answer 5

• Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same proton (atomic) number but different nucleon (mass) numbers.
• This means that they have different numbers of neutrons.
• Since the proton number of the isotopes remain unchanged, the isotopes belong
  to the same element.
• Most elements occur naturally as isotopes.
• Isotopes have similar chemical properties ( reactivity) but may have different physical properties (density).

Question 6

Electrons in the outermost/valence shell, found farthest away from the nucleus possess
the ? energy.

Answer 6

greatest

Question 7

whats electronic configuration

Answer 7

2 8 8 2

Question 8

remove proton =
remove electron =
remove neutron =

Answer 8

• diff element
• ion
• isotope