C3 Flashcards
three states of matter
solid, liquid and gas
solid
arrangement of particles with a fixed shape and volume, they cannot be compressed
liquid
arrangement of particles with a fixed volume but they can flow and change shape
gas
arrangement of particles with no fixed shape or volume, they can be compressed easily
compound
a substance made of two or more elements chemically bonded together
covalent bonding
bonding between non-metals only, in which electrons are shared
ionic bonding
bonding between metals and non-metals, in which electrons are transferred
positive ion
an atom that loses one or more electrons and gains a positive charge
negative ion
an atom that gains one or more electrons and gains a negative charge
electrostatic attraction
the strong force that holds ions together
giant lattice
the arrangement of ions in ionic bonding results in this structure
NaCl
sodium chloride
MgCl₂
magnesium chloride
Ca(OH)₂
calcium hydroxide
simple molecules
small molecules in which atoms are held together by covalent bonds