C3

Question 1

What is always conserved in a chemical reaction?

Answer 1

Mass

No atoms are destroyed or created in a chemical reaction.

Question 2

What is the relationship between the mass of products and reactants?

Answer 2

Mass of product = Mass of reactant

Question 3

What happens to mass if a reactant is a gas and the products are solid, liquid, or aqueous?

Answer 3

Mass may appear to increase or decrease

Question 4

What charge do Group 1 elements have?

Answer 4

+1 charge

Question 5

What charge do Group 2 elements have?

Answer 5

+2 charge

Question 6

What charge do Group 0 elements have?

Answer 6

No charge

Question 7

What charge do Group 7 elements have?

Answer 7

-1 charge

Question 8

What is the charge of Oxygen?

Answer 8

-2 charge

Question 9

What is the charge of Sulphur?

Answer 9

-2 charge

Question 10

What is the charge of Nitrogen?

Answer 10

-3 charge

Question 11

What is the charge of Phosphorus?

Answer 11

-3 charge

Question 12

What is the charge of Aluminium?

Answer 12

+3 charge

Question 13

What is the charge of Gallium?

Answer 13

+3 charge

Question 14

What is the charge of Zinc?

Answer 14

+2 charge

Question 15

What is the charge of Cadmium?

Answer 15

+2 charge

Question 16

What is the charge of Silver?

Answer 16

+1 charge

Question 17

How many oxygen atoms are in Carbon Monoxide?

Answer 17

One oxygen atom

Question 18

How many oxygen atoms are in Carbon Dioxide?

Answer 18

Two oxygen atoms

Question 19

What does (s) denote in chemical notation?

Answer 19

Solid

Question 20

What does (l) denote in chemical notation?

Answer 20

Liquid

Question 21

What does (g) denote in chemical notation?

Answer 21

Gas

Question 22

What does (aq) denote in chemical notation?

Answer 22

Aqueous

Question 23

What does Aqueous mean?

Answer 23

Dissolved in water

Question 24

What is Avogadro’s Constant?

Answer 24

6.02 × 10^23

Question 25

What is the formula triangle for mass in relation to moles?

Answer 25

Mass / Mole x Mr

Question 26

What type of reaction is a redox reaction?

Answer 26

Reduction and oxidation happen at the same time

Question 27

What is reduction in terms of oxygen?

Answer 27

Loss of oxygen

Question 28

What is oxidation in terms of oxygen?

Answer 28

Gain of oxygen

Question 29

What is an acid?

Answer 29

A substance that produces hydrogen ions when dissolved in water

Question 30

What is a base?

Answer 30

A substance that reacts with an acid to neutralise it and produce a salt

Question 31

What does pH < 7 indicate?

Answer 31

Acid

Question 32

What does pH = 7 indicate?

Answer 32

Neutral

Question 33

What does pH > 7 indicate?

Answer 33

Alkaline

Question 34

The value of the pH is inversely proportional to the

Answer 34

concentration of hydrogen ions

Question 35

What is neutralisation?

Answer 35

The reaction between acids and bases producing a salt and water

Question 36

What are strong acids?

Answer 36

Ionises completely in solutions and releases a large proportion of acid molecules

Question 37

What are weak acids?

Answer 37

Do not fully ionise in solution and release only a small proportion of acid molecules

Question 38

What does concentration measure?

Answer 38

How watered down acid in a litre of solution

Question 39

If the concentration of H+ ions increases by x 10, what happens to pH?

Answer 39

pH decreases by 1

Question 40

How can soluble salts be made?

Answer 40

By reacting an acid with an alkali

Question 41

What is electrolysis?

Answer 41

A process in which an electric current is passed through a compound causing a chemical change

Question 42

What are the three components of electrolysis?

Answer 42

* Electrolyte * Two electrodes * Electrical supply

Question 43

What is an electrolyte?

Answer 43

A substance that can conduct an electric current when melted or dissolved in water

Question 44

What is an electrode made from?

Answer 44

Metal or graphite

Question 45

What is the cathode?

Answer 45

Negative electrode

Question 46

What is the anode?

Answer 46

Positive electrode

Question 47

What type of bonds may form between non-metal atoms?

Answer 47

Covalent bonds

Question 48

What are inert electrodes made from?

Answer 48

An unreactive material which can conduct electricity