C3

Question 1

___ is relatively enduring change in potential behavior that results from experience

Answer 1

Learning

Question 2

_____ is learning by making an association between two stimulus events or by learning an association between a response and it’s consequences

Answer 2

Associative Learning

Question 3

_____ is learning that takes place when a neutral stimulus (CS) is parked with a stimulus (UCS) that already produces a response (UCR)

Answer 3

Pavlovian Conditioning

Question 4

____ is learning an association between one’s behavior and it’s consequences (reinforcers or punishment)

Answer 4

Operant conditioning

Question 5

What are the 3 types of learning?

Answer 5

Pavlovian Conditioning
Operant conditioning
Associative Learning

Question 6

_____ is learning that depends on a particular type of perceptual experience during a critical time in development (language learning)

Answer 6

Template Learning

Question 7

____ is a physiologist interested in digestion. (Created an experiment investigating the salivation of dogs.)

Answer 7

Ivan Pavlov

Question 8

_____ is credited with the first systematic study of learning

Answer 8

Ivan Pavlov

Question 9

What makes conditioning an ease?

Answer 9

Distinctive CS
Intensity of UCS
Frequent pairing Cs-ucs

Question 10

_____ experimented on rats performing two conditioning procedures (Stimulus Contingent & Non-stimulus Contingent)

Answer 10

Robert Rescorla

Question 11

Simultaneous conditioning takes places when _____

Answer 11

Conditioned stimulus is presented at the same time as the unconditioned stimulus

Question 12

___ is the extinction-process (a conditioned response is elimanated through repeated presentation of conditioned stimulus without unconditioned stimulus)

Answer 12

Classical Conditioning

Question 13

____ believed that animals learn to make voluntary responses that help them adapt to their environments.

Answer 13

Edward Thorndike

Question 14

____ believed that behavior will be strengthened if it is followed by a satisfying consequence

Answer 14

Thorndike

Question 15

The law of effect is ____

Answer 15

Behavior followed by reinforcement will be strengthened while behavior followed by punishment will be weakened

Question 16

___ is a device designed by skinner that measured operant behavior

Answer 16

Cumulative recorder

Question 17

_____ is a cue that controls a response by signaling the availability of reinforcement

Answer 17

Discriminative Stimulus

Question 18

_____ In operant conditioning is when any procedure where an event following a specific response increases the probability that the response will occur

Answer 18

Reinforcement

Question 19

____ is any stimulus presented after a response that increases the probability of that response

Answer 19

Positive Reinforcement

Question 20

____ is any stimulus that increases the probability of a response through its removal

Answer 20

Negative reinforcement

Question 21

_____ (in operant conditioning) is learning that takes place when an organism performs a response that will terminate an adverse stimulus

Answer 21

Escape Conditioning

Question 22

____ (in operant conditioning) is learning of a response to a discriminative stimulus that allows an organism to avoid exposure to an aversive stimulus

Answer 22

Avoidance Conditioning

Question 23

What is generalization?

Answer 23

a process by which an organism responds to stimuli that are like that conditioned stimulus without undergoing conditioning for each similar stimulus.
(Pavlov’s dog salivating at the sound of different bells)

Question 24

Primary Reinforcer:

Answer 24

A stimulus that satisfies a biologically based drive

Hunger

Thrust

Sleep

Sex

Question 25

Conditioned reinforcer:

Answer 25

A stimulus that takes on reinforcing properties after being associated with a primary reinforcer

Words of praise

Grades

Money

Question 26

____ is presentation of reinforcer for each occurrence of a specific behavior

Answer 26

Conditioned reinforcement schedule

Question 27

___ reinforces behavior only part of the time

Answer 27

Partial reinforcement schedule

Question 28

What is a fixed ratio schedule?

Answer 28

Reinforcement that only occurs after a fixed number of responses

Question 29

___ is when responses are restricted to specific stimuli

Answer 29

Discrimination

Question 30

____ is (in operant conditioning) a technique in which responses that are increasingly similar to the desired behavior are reinforced, step by step, until the deserved behavior occurs

Answer 30

Shaping

Question 31

What is modeling?

Answer 31

Learning process by which an individual acquires a behavior by observing someone else perform that behavior

Question 32

____ is a procedure in which presentation of a stimulus following a response leads to a decrease in the strength of frequency of the response

Answer 32

Punishment

Question 33

What makes a punishment more effective?

Answer 33

Immediate
Intense enough
Consistent