C2.6 Acids, bases and salts Flashcards
What is an acid?
A substance with a pH less than 7.
What is an alkali?
A base which is soluble in water.
What is a base?
A substance which has a pH higher than 7.
Which ion is found in acids?
Hydrogen ions (H+ ions)
Which ion is found in alkalis?
Hydroxide ions (OH- ions)
What is the formula of hydrochloric acid?
HCl
What is the formula of sulfuric acid?
H2SO4
What is the formula of nitric acid?
HNO3
What is the formula of sodium hydroxide?
NaOH
What is the formula of sodium oxide?
Na2O
What type of substance is sodium oxide?
A base
Complete the following general equation:
acid + metal oxide (base) →
salt + water
Complete the following equation:
copper oxide + nitric acid →
copper nitrate + water
Which acid do you use to make nitrate salts?
Nitric acid
Which acids do you use to make sulfate salts?
Sulfuric acid
Which acid to you use to make chloride salts?
Hydrochloric acid
Why do we add an excess of base when using an insouble base?
To ensure that all the acid has reacted.
How do we remove the excess solid base?
Filtration
What do we need to add to an acid and alkali to identify when they have neutralised each other?
An indicator
