C2.6 Acids, bases and salts

Question 1

What is an acid?

Answer 1

A substance with a pH less than 7.

Question 2

What is an alkali?

Answer 2

A base which is soluble in water.

Question 3

What is a base?

Answer 3

A substance which has a pH higher than 7.

Question 4

Which ion is found in acids?

Answer 4

Hydrogen ions (H⁺ ions)

Question 5

Which ion is found in alkalis?

Answer 5

Hydroxide ions (OH^- ions)

Question 6

What is the formula of hydrochloric acid?

Answer 6

HCl

Question 7

What is the formula of sulfuric acid?

Answer 7

H₂SO₄

Question 8

What is the formula of nitric acid?

Answer 8

HNO₃

Question 9

What is the formula of sodium hydroxide?

Answer 9

NaOH

Question 10

What is the formula of sodium oxide?

Answer 10

Na₂O

Question 11

What type of substance is sodium oxide?

Answer 11

A base

Question 12

Complete the following general equation:

acid + metal oxide (base) →

Answer 12

salt + water

Question 13

Complete the following equation:

copper oxide + nitric acid →

Answer 13

copper nitrate + water

Question 14

Which acid do you use to make nitrate salts?

Answer 14

Nitric acid

Question 15

Which acids do you use to make sulfate salts?

Answer 15

Sulfuric acid

Question 16

Which acid to you use to make chloride salts?

Answer 16

Hydrochloric acid

Question 17

Why do we add an excess of base when using an insouble base?

Answer 17

To ensure that all the acid has reacted.

Question 18

How do we remove the excess solid base?

Answer 18

Filtration

Question 19

What do we need to add to an acid and alkali to identify when they have neutralised each other?

Answer 19

An indicator