C2.2 Bonding Flashcards
Acidic
Having a pH value less than seven
Alkaline
Having a pH value of greater than 7
Ball and stick model
A representation of ionic compounds and molecules in which balls represent the atoms or ions snd springs or plastic links represent the chemical bonds
Brittle
When a substance is likely to crack or shatter when hit
Chemical property
A feature of a substance that can only be determined by studying its chemical reactions
Conductor
Able to carry electrical or thermal energy
Covalent bond
A strong force of attraction between the nuclei of two atoms that are sharing one or more pairs of electrons
Delocalised electron
A free electron in a molecule, ion or solid metal that is not part of an individual atom or bond
Displayed formula
A diagram in which atoms are represented by chemical symbols, and covalent bonds by lines
Dot and cross diagram
model in which electron shells are shown as circles, with electrons as dots or crosses
Ductile
able to be drawn into wire without breaking
Electron diagram
A model of an atom or ion in which shells are represented as circles, and electrons by dots or crosses
Electronic structure
The arrangements of the electrons in an atom
Giant covalent structure
An arrangement of non-metal atoms joined by covalent bonds in a regular
arrangement
Giant ionic lattice
a structure of ionic compounds in which oppositely charged ions are held in a regular and repeating arrangement by strong electrostatic forces of attractions
Giant metallic lattice
the repeating regular arrangement of metal atoms or ions in a metal in the solid state
Group
In the periodic table, a column of elements with similar chemical properties and the same number of
electrons in the outer shells of their atoms
Insulator
unable to carry electrical or thermal energy
Intermolecular forces
Weak forces of attraction that exist between simple molecules
Ion
Charged particle formed when an atom, or a group of atoms, loses or gains electrons
Ionic bond
strong electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions
Ionic compound
a compound containing oppositely charged ions from different elements
Malleable
able to be bent, hammered, or pressed into shape without cracking or shattering
Metal
a substance that is usually shiny, malleable, ductile, and a good electrical or thermal conductor
Metallic bond
the strong electrostatic forces of attraction between delocalised electrons and metal ions
Monomer
Small molecules that can join together to form polymer molecules
Non-metal
A substance that is usually dull brittle and a poor electrical or thermal conductor
Outer shell
The outermost occupied shell in an atom
Oxide
A type of chemical compound formed when an element or compound gains oxygen
Period
in the periodic table, a row in which the atomic number increases by 1 going from one element to the next
Periodic table
a table in which elements are arranged in rows (periods) and columns (groups), in order of increasing atomic number
Physical property
Feature of a substance that can be observed or measured such as it’s melting point or colour
Polymer
Substance with molecules made from many repeat units
Repeating unit
A section of a polymer molecule that is repeated many times in the molecule
Simple molecule
A particle consisting of a few non metal atoms joined together by covalent bonds
Space filling model
A representation of ionic compounds and molecules in which balls represent the atoms or ions
